4^th International Conference and Exhibition on Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry & Natural Products August 29-31, 2016 Sao Paulo, Brazil

Biography:

Rachel Castilho has completed his PhD from São Paulo University (USP, Brazil). She is the Professor of Pharmaceutical Products Department of Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil. She has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals

Abstract:

Campomanesia lineatifolia Ruiz and Pav. (Myrtaceae) is a native edible species found in the Amazon Rainforest, commonly known as gabiroba. In Brazil, Campomanesia species are frequently used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disorders as dysentery, stomach problems, and diarrhea. Studies have proved few species of the same genus attenuated gastric mucosal lesions. Phytochemical investigations and specific studies on in vivo biological assessments or the safety of C. lineatifolia are rather limited. The present work describes the antioxidant, gastroprotective activities and acute toxicity data of the ethanolic extract (CEE) and ethyl acetate fraction (AEFC) of C. lineatifolia. By using the DPPH method, the radical scavenging activity of EEC and AEFC were investigated. Quercetin was used as control positive. Gastroprotective activity was investigated at different doses in two experimental models in rats-gastric lesion induced by ethanol and gastric lesion induced by indomethacin. Cimetidine and sucralfate were used as positive control. The area of gastric lesion underwent macroscopic and histomorphometric evaluation. The mucus content was estimated by using periodic acid-Schiff stain. Oral acute toxicity was also available. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of flavonoids and tannins. Catechin and quercetin were isolated by bioguided chromatographic fractionation of EAFC. EEC and EAFC presented in vitro antioxidant activity. Oral administration of EEC and EAFC doses at 100-400 mg/kg (ethanol-model) and at doses of 400-1200 mg/kg (indomethacin-model) proved to be effective in preventing gastric ulcerations in rats. Pretreatment with EAFC (400 mg/kg, orally) significantly increased the gastric mucus content in the ethanol model. No animals died during the oral acute toxicology test. Results confirm the Brazilian ethnopharmacological use of C. lineatifolia as a gastroprotective agent and anti-ulcer effect is most likely mediated by scavenging free radicals due to the polyphenol content and, at least in part, by increasing the mucus secretion and the mucosal defense. In addition, EEC and EAFC are found to be safe when applied in the 2000 mg/kg single oral dose.

Biography:

Chougouo Kengne R.D has completed her PhD; She is a Pharmacist Officer and Researcher (CER) at the University Mountain Cameroon. She has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals

Abstract:

For several decades, the tea from Artemisia annua has been used as an antimalarial drug. Previous studies indicate that its activity is associated with the presence of a large number of active chemical substances including artemisinin, flavonoids, and essential oils. The use of the tea is effective in clinical trials, although it is inconvenient for patients because of its bitter taste, chemical instability and the large volume required to be taken. This study aims at addressing organoleptic problems of herbal tea to enhance compliance, acceptability and stability of antimalarial drug. First, the ways of producing encapsulated forms from the plant were found out. Many tests were performed on the dry powder of leaves and stems. These included studying organoleptic characteristics, residual moist, ability to hydrate and to compact, the fluidity and the granulometric profile. The artemisinin was determined by a thin layer chromatography / densitometry. Total flavonoids were assessed through a spectrophometer. The capsules were produced in alignment with user acceptability. Other additional control tests were performed on the final product. The powder from these plant parts is grey-green with a characteristic of attractive odor, bitter taste, homogenous, fine and hygroscopic. The residual moist (5.07%); the artemisinin contents (0.5% (m/m)) and the flavonoids (0.43 mg) equivalent of quercetin/g of dry matter. The resulting capsules (250 mg of active principle and 7.5 mg of magnesium stearate as the lubricant) shines and has white-blue color. The average weight (253.7 ± 2.53 g) and the decomposition time < 5 minutes. The water and artemisinin contents kept intact for 30 days after manufacture. The Artemisia annua-based antimalarial capsule developed meet the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia. The dosage form solves the organoleptic problems of herbal tea, thus improving compliance, acceptability and stability of artemisinin.

Biography:

Partha Roy has completed his PhD from Visva-Bharati University and Post-doctoral studies from Institute of Reproductive & Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, UK. Currently, he is a Professor in the Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Rookree. He has published more than 70 research papers in reputed journals and having high number of citations. He is serving various scientific and academic bodies in India as panel members. He has visited various universities/institutes across the world as Visiting Faculty

Abstract:

Discovery of novel therapeutic agents for advanced invasive cancers is at the forefront of preclinical and clinical research. A wide range of small molecules belonging to both synthetic and naturally derived molecules targeting various cancer related pathways are under development. Natural Products occurring pterostilbene (PTER) and isothiocyanate (ITC) attract great attention due to their wide range of biological properties, including anti-cancer, anti-leukemic, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The study reported that biological activity of a novel class of hybrid compound (PTER-ITC) synthesized by appending an ITC moiety to the PTER backbone, to induce cancer cell death by targeting multiple kinases. Biological studies of the synthesized compounds showed promising antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities both in vitro and in vivo. The novel hybrid molecule showed significant in vitro anti-cancer activity both in MCF-7 cells as well as AR positive (LNCaP) and negative (PC-3) cells. The reduced proliferation of both breast and prostate cancer cells by PTER-ITC was correlated with accumulation of cells in G2/M phase and induction of caspase dependent apoptosis. Both PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK pathways played an important role in PTER-ITC induced apoptosis in cancerous cells/tissues. Moreover, the PTER-ITC also inhibited tumor growth in Ehrlich ascitic cell induced tumor bearing mice as observed by reduction in tumor volume. Further investigation suggested that non-toxic doses of PTER-ITC could also inhibit inflammatory responses against LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and carrageenan induced rat paw edema. Collectively, our results suggest that PTER-ITC can be used as a useful therapeutic agent for treatment of both cancer and inflammation.

Biography:

SE Mazibuko-Mbeje has completed her graduation and PhD from the University of Zululand in 2014. She is a Senior Scientist at the South African Medical Research Council and is currently a Post-doctoral Research Fellow at the Helmholtz Zentrum in Munich, Germany. She has published two first author papers and co-authored four scientific peer-reviewed papers.

Abstract:

Recent studies have reported that plant extracts such as Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), well-known for its use as herbal tea, could play a potential role in the prevention and treatment of metabolic disease. This study aimed to establish whether aqueous and organic solvent-based polyphenol-enriched extracts prepared from “fermented” (oxidised) (FRE) or “unfermented” (unoxidised, green) (GRE) rooibos (10 µg/mL), respectively, can ameliorate palmitate-induced insulin-resistance in C3A liver cells and the liver of obese insulin-resistant (OB/IR) rats. The major polyhenol in GRE was the flavonoid, aspalathin, a dihydrochalcone unique to Rooibos. Palmitate (0.75 mM) was used to induce insulin resitance in C3A cells. Thereafter, cells (with or without palmitate) were treated with FRE or GRE for 3 h and insulin (1 µM for 15 min). Glucose uptake, palmitate uptake and ATP content were determined. OB/IR rats were subsequently treated at various doses (32, 97 and 195 mg/kg BW) of GRE for 12 weeks to confirm in vitro findings. Body weights and blood glucose concentrations were monitored weekly and fasting insulin concentrations were assessed after 12 weeks treatment. Protein and gene expression relevant to insulin-signalling, AMPK and lipid metabolism were investigated by Western blot in C3A cells and RT-PCR in liver tissue. Insulin resistance in C3A cells was confirmed by a reduction in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. FRE and GRE reversed the inhibitory effects of palmitate on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and ATP concentrations. In the OB/IR rat, GRE lowered elevated insulin concentrations and improved insulin sensitivity. Mechanistically, GRE improved expression of genes and proteins that affected glucose and lipid metabolism in vivo and in vitro. This study provides evidence that both FRE and GRE could play role in the amelioration of insulin resistance, in spite of qualitataive and quantitative differences in phenolic compoistion.

Biography:

Mona H Hetta started her career in Natural Product Department of National Research Centre, Egypt. She was awarded a scholarship by DAAD, 1996. She completed her Doctorate in Pharmacognosy, 2001, from Helwan University, Egypt. She held a number of managerial positions since 2008: The Head of Pharmacognosy Department (2008-2014), Coordinator of Clinical Pharmacy Program (2008-2011), Dean of Faculty of Pharmacy, 2014. She was awarded from Beni-Suef University, Scientific Excellence Award, 2011. She joined faculty of post-graduate studies and advanced materials, Beni-Suef University, Egypt as Vice Dean of the Faculty, 2012. She was promoted to Professor Degree in 2013. She supervised and still supervising "20" Master and PhD thesis. She has 53 scientific published papers and "10" under publications. Currently, she is the Dean of Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University.

Abstract:

Acanthamoeba is an opportunistic pathogen causing keratitis and fatal encephalitis. Early diagnosis, followed by aggressive treatment using a combination of drugs is a prerequisite for successful treatment. Many natural compounds have demonstrated lethal effects, yet the search for novel natural amebicidal agents is still of current interest. The study investigated the in vitro amoebicidal effect of A. hypogaea L. (peanuts) pericarp (as waste product); resveratrol, total methanol extract and its fractions (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and ethanol) on cysts of A. astronyxis T7 genotype from patients suffering keratitis. Acanthamoebae were isolated, cultivated on 1.5% non-nutrient agar and incubated with different concentrations of the plant extractives. The total methanol extract showed the highest mean of non-viable (cysts 99%), followed by the ethanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, n-hexane extractives and finally resveratrol regarding accumulative effect on second day. The study highlighted a guide for the best concentration of each extractive to be used and the duration and effect it will give along accumulation. All the used samples proved in vitro amoebicidal activity and could be considered new promising natural agents with special regards to the synergetic effect of different constituents in total methanol extract which added to its potency.

Biography:

Debabrata Sircar, completed his PhD in Plant Natural Product Biology from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India. He has completed his Post-doctoral research from Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology (IPB), Technical University Braunschweig (TU-BS), Germany, in the area of Roraceous Plant Metabolomics. Currently, he is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institite of Technology Rookree. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a number of scientific bodies in India

Abstract:

Apple is the main deciduous fruit crop in the India and worldwide, consumed for its delicious test and health-protective constituents. However, dramatic losses in fruits and trees are caused by the apple scab fungus Venturia inaquelis. To combat this disease, apple forms antifungal metabolites, so-called phytoalexins. Although apple has high economic value, metabolism of these pathogen-inducible defence compounds is poorly understood. This deficit prevents biotechnological exploitation of phytoalexin metabolism for enhancement of disease resistance. The present study reports the differetial accumulation of two special class of phytoalexins (biphenyl and dibenzofurans) in the scab-resistant apple cultivar. GC-MS based targated metabolomics analyses revealed the accumulation six major phytoalexins upon scab infection. Using a subtracted complementary DNA (cDNA) library and sequence information from Genome Database of Rosaceae, a cDNA encoding the o-methyltransferase (MdOMT1) enzymes was isolated from scab-infected apple plants. MdOMT1 utilyzed 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl as a preffered substrate, converting it to 3-hydroxy-5-methoxybiphenyl, the precursor of noraucuparin biosynthesis. Methylation of 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl proceeds only on one hydroxyl group. Expression of SaOMT1 was transiently induced in apple plants upon scab-infection. High expression level of MdOMT1 precedes the accumulation of noraucuparin. SaOMT1 was N- and C-terminally fused with the modified yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) and the fluorescent reporter fusions products were localized to the cytoplasm of the leaf epidermis cells of Nicotiana benthamiana. Collectively, our results demonstrated that phytoalexin biosynthesis plays crucial role in detrmining inducible defense responses to Venturia inaquelis infection in scab-resistant apple cultivars.

Biography:

Will update soon

Abstract:

Firstly, the talk will cover our characterization of un-expecting bioactive naturally occurring compounds from traditional medicinal plants. The first topic reflects our discovery of mescaline (1) from peyote. The compound displayed psychotropic properties and peyote samples appear to be the oldest plant drug ever to yield a major bioactive compound i.e. as long as 5700 years ago.1 Then the recent change of chemosystematic significance will be introduced demonstrating the isolation of new unusual cyclopeptide alkaloid (2) in addition to integer-rine (3) from Heisteria nitida.2 It was discovered in the family Olacaceae for first time.3 Beside discussion of the possible applications including anti-microbial, anti-schistosomiasis, anti-inflammatory antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities. For instance, unexpected new aryl coumarin glucoside (4) and its aglycon (5) from Asphodelus microcarpus, showed potent anti-microbial activity.4 In addition to luteolin-7-O-glucoside (6) from Mongolian medicinal plant Leptopyrum fumarioides L that was evaluated as antigenotoxic and antioxidant. In in vitro study, it was found to inhibit the DNA damage induced by catechol.5 As well as proscillaridin A (7) from Urginea maritima, one of the Sinai palnts show cytotoxic activity against human lymphoma U-937 GTB cell line. Finally the talk will be highlighting the action of isolated peptides from medicinal plants such as cystine knot peptide from Cactaceae family; Ep-AMP1 (8) from Echinopsis pachanoi L., sequencing, chemical synthesis, three-dimensional solution structure and bioactivity of this compound was determined as antimicrobial.6 Morever, Peptide RCB‑1 (9) from Ricinus communis L. RCB-1 compound was proved positive as antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic compound, and was remarkably stable.7 On the other hand, the importance of Prophetic medicine as one of the oldest traditional plants prescriptions developed in the Golden Age of the Islamic civilization, which extended from Spain in the west to Central Asia and India in the east. Where the medicine was a central part and in temporal terms it covered a period of roughly nine centuries.8 There are many and various secondary metabolisms isolated from medicinal plants mentioned in Holy Qura`n and Ahadith such as (Allium cepa L; Basal, A. sativum L; Foom) and (Brassica spp.; Khardel). These secondary metabolisms include Hydrocinnamic acids (Feurlic (10) and sinapic acids (11)). According to its biological activity, feurlic and sinapic acids in clinical practices used as anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, neuroprotective, radioprotective, pulmonary protective, anti-atherogenic effect and to treat breast cancer.

Biography:

Will update soon.

Abstract:

Will update soon.

Biography:

Abdulfatai Temitope Ajiboye has completed his M.Sc. at the age of 30 years from University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria and pursuing his Ph.D. studies at University of Lagos, Nigera. He is a lecturer at the Chemistry Unit of Department of Chemical, Geological and Physical Sciences, Kwara state University, Malete, Nigeria. He has published more than 5 papers in reputed journal

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Insulin deficiency in turn leads to chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Diabetes mellitus affects most of the people in both developed and developing countries. The treatment of diabetes with conventional drugs is very expensive and chances of side effects are high. Plant natural products have a proven global history of treating diseases and ailments. These medicinal plants have been used since ancient times in various parts of the world where access to modern medicine is limited. Medicinal plants play important role in the management of diabetes mellitus especially in developing countries where resources are meagre. The specific objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive report on on-going global efforts to discover and develop more efficacious anti-diabetic drugs with no side effect from various medicinal plants found within Nigerian’s rich flora, which have been shown to display potent hypoglycaemic activity. Different researchers in different fields (chemistry, biochemistry and molecular biology) have employed technological developments in separation methods, hyphenated technique and high throughput assays to drive the drug discovery processes. Natural products identified from medicinal plants give an exciting opportunity for the development of new therapeutic agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Most prevalent among natural products are flavonoids, terpenoids cardiac glycoside, alkaloids and steroids. Despite considerable progress in the development of synthetic drugs, the discovery of phytomedicine as an alternative therapy is progressing

Biography:

Palanisamy Chella Perumal is a Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Bioinformatics, karpagam university, Coimbatore-641021, TN, INDIA. He has completed his PhD at the age of 29 years from Karpagam University. He has received the award of Senior Research Fellow from Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, INDIA and received the award of Type C2 partial PhD studies (at the Department of Medical Biology, University of Szeged, Hungary) from Hungairan Scholarship Board, Budapest, Hungary. He has filed 3 Indian patents and published more than 26 papers in reputed journals

Abstract:

Ovarian cancer is the sixth most frequent cause of cancer related death. HER2 and CXCR4 overexpression is implicated in the initiation and progression of ovarian cancer. Compounds from natural sources are preferred to conventional treatment methods, because of lesser side effects and improved treatment outcome. Cayratia trifolia (L.) has been reported to possess anticancer activities. To date, the bioactive compounds have not been isolated from this plant and tested against ovarian cancer. Therefore the present study was attempted to isolate the bioactive compounds to treat the ovarian cancer. Initially, chromatographic and spectroscopic methods were used to isolate and characterize the bioactive compounds from this plant extract. The computational methods and in vitro assay were used to examine the anti-ovarian cancer activity. The chromatographic and spectroscopic methods identified and confirmed the presence of Polyprenol and 12-(10-carboxydecanoyloxy) -12-oxododecanoic acid. This is the first study to report the presence of these compounds in Cayratia trifolia (L.). 12-(10-carboxydecanoyloxy)-12-oxododecanoic acid and Polyprenol have good inhibitory activity against HER2 and CXCR4 (Ovarian cancer target proteins) when compared with cyclophosphamide (FDA approved drug for cancer). The ADME properties prediction of these compounds was under acceptable range. In addition these compounds have admirable cell growth inhibitory activity at low concentrations as evidenced by the MTT assay in vitro (using A2780 cell line). These results conclude that, the 12-(10-carboxydecanoyloxy)-12-oxododecanoic acid and Polyprenol inhibits the cell survival through modulating HER2 and CXCR4. However further studies are warranted to substantiate the current findings

Biography:

Mutalib Aderogba is an Associate Professor at the Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, where he obtained his PhD, in Natural Products Chemistry in 2003. He had his Postdoctoral studies at the University of Pretoria, South Africa (2005- 2006) and University of Botswana, Gaborone (2008). His research interest is on chemistry and biological activities of plants and marine algae that are used in traditional medicine. He received National Prize for Young Scientists in Chemical Sciences in 2014 from Nigerian Young Academy. He has published over fifty articles in reputable journals and supervised a number of postgraduate students.

Abstract:

Tuberculosis is currently one of the most serious bacteria infectious diseases worldwide. There is need for development of new therapy due to emergence of resistant tuberculosis strains, to first line antibiotics known as single-drug resistant, Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) and Extensive-Drug Resistant (XDR). Several reports have documented antimycobacterial properties of many Terminalia species but only a few species have been explored for their antimycobacterial constituents. This paper presents activity directed fractionation of a 80% methanol crude extracts of Terminalia phanerophlebia leaves leading to the isolation of compounds responsible for its antimicrobial activities. T. phanerophlebia crude extracts was in turned extracted with solvents of varying polarities: hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol. The solvent and column fractions obtained along with the isolated compounds were tested for antibacterial activities against Mycobacterium aurum A+, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Of all the solvent fractions tested, EtOAc fraction exhibited highest antimicrobial activities and its bioguided fractionation afforded methyl gallate (1) and a phenylpropanoid glucoside, 1,6-di-O-coumaroyl glucopyranoside (2). Isolated compounds(1) and (2) are reported from T. phanerophlebia for the first time, and they demonstrated good antimicrobial activity against all bacterial strains tested with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 63 to 250 µg/mL. In this study, 1,6-di-O-coumaroyl glucopyranoside (2) significantly inhibited Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MIC = 63 µg/mL) a leading cause of tuberculosis worldwide. Antimicrobial activities exhibited by the extracts and isolated compounds from Terminalia phanerophlebia confirm the traditional use of this plant in treating tuberculosis and its related symptoms.

Biography:

Dr. Xu is a professor in Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College (UIC), Associate Director of UIC Key Lab -Laboratory for Health Promotion Mechanism of Medicinal Food and Folk Remedy, author of over 90 peer-reviewed papers. Dr. Xu received Ph.D in Chungnam National University, South Korea. He conducted postdoctoral research work in North Dakota State University, Purdue University, and Gerald P. Murphy Cancer Foundation during 2005-2009. Dr. Xu is serving as Associate Editor-in-Chief of Food Science and Human Wellness, an Editorial Board member of several international journals.

Abstract:

Excessive loss of pancreatic β-cell, mainly due to apoptosis is major causes in the development of diabetes hyperglycemia in both type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Pancreatic β-cell apoptosis is initiated by stimuli such as inflammation and hyperglycemia. Numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated that excessive human consumption of diet rich phytochemicals attenuates effect of diabetes. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydrocoumarin), a naturally present such as fruits, Daphne koreane Nakai and Daphne odora var. marginata, has shown significant biological effects of antioxidant and antiflammatrory activities. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the mechanism behind its antidiabetic property in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic in INS-1 cell line. The INS-1 rat insulinoma cell line was cultured. INS-1 cells were pretreated with daphetin (1, 10, 20 and 40 µM) for 24 h, cells were exposed to STZ (3 mM) for 12h. STZ induced cell damage was estimated by MTT assay, glucose stimulated insulin secretion assay, lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and lipid hydroperoxide), antioxidant status (SOD, CAT, GPx, and GST), apoptosis stainings (DAPI, Hoechst33342, AO/EB, ROS) by fluorescence microscopy and annexin V and propidium iodide double staining by flow cytometry. The exposure to STZ for 12h significantly reduced the viability of INS-1 cells, compared to control cells in culture media, while pretreated with daphnetin for 24h resulted in a significant improve of cell viability as determined by MTT. Daphnetin was tested for its effects on insulin secretion by INS-1 cells cultured in low and high glucose medium; we found that daphnetin pretreatment improved glucose stimulated insulin secretion. STZ cause increased levels of lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant status of diabetic in INS-1 cells. Daphnetin pretreatment significantly reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation markers and improved antioxidant status in STZ induced INS-1 cells. STZ-induced cells showed less live cells and highly condensed chromatin in nuclei. However, daphnetin obviously decreased the apoptotic ratio in comparison with STZ-induced diabetic in INS-1 cells. The results suggest that daphnetin may be used in treating diabetes mellitus by considering its insulin stimulating property and subsequent regulation of apoptotic pathway.

Biography:

Uche-Okereafor Nkemdinma Chinezurum a 26 year is a Nigerian citizen. She holds a BTech degree in Industrial Microbiology from the Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. She is currently studying towards an award of a Master's degree (MSc) in Biotechnology at the Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg (UJ), South Africa. She actively participated in the 2015 University of Johannesburg Cross Faculty symposium via a poster presentation of some of her findings from her ongoing studies and at the 2015 Howard University America/Department of Science and Technology, South Africa Women in Science Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Conference held at Sandton, Johannesburg via a podium presentation. She has submitted a journal article to the South African Journal of Botany. Aside from that, Nkem is happily married and her focus is to strive well and reach the highest academic ladder where she will be able to to pursue her career in academics and research with special emphasis in drug discovery and development from medicinal plants.

Abstract:

Many medicinal plants have been the source of various pharmacologically active compounds that are now used in medicine. The use of plants as source of remedies for the treatment of many diseases dates back to history. The advancement of science into the search for antibiotics largely depends on some of these plants as raw materials. Rhoicissus tomentosa is a medicinal plant from the Vitaceae family and is widely distributed in southern Africa. Its is used in traditional medicine to treat ailments mainly related to fertility and reproduction and pains. Phytochemical screening of the rhizomes of R. tomentosa was investigated to ascertain their possible pharmaceutical potential and the results showed that the rhizomes of the plant contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, reducing sugars and tannins which are known bioactive compounds. Methanol:chloroform (50/50, v/v) and ethyl acetate (100%) extracts of the rhizomes were tested against 14 bacterial strains using the agar disc diffusion and microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay methods. The study revealed that both extracts showed moderate to high inhibitory activity against most of the test organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the extracts ranged from below 0.5mg/mL to 16mg/mL. The last couple of years have seen an increase in antimicrobial resistance which threatens effective prevention and treatment of infections caused by medically important bacteria, parasites, viruses and fungi. According to the World Health Organization in 2014, antimicrobial resistance had reached alarming levels in many parts of the world and has become a public health problem. There have been calls for the development of new and efficacious antimicrobials. A huge requirement for these antimicrobials is that they must be not generally cytotoxic, they must be cost-effective and most importantly, active at minimal concentrations. As such, R. tomentosa shows potential as a possible source for drug leads for the treatment of diseases caused by bacterial pathogens.

Biography:

Waseem Hassan has completed his PhD from Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. Presently he is working as Assistant Professor of Chemistry at Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. He has published more than 40 articles and has been serving as a reviewer for several reputed journals

Abstract:

The use and search for nutritional supplements and medicine derived from plants have increased in recent years. The present study was designed to analyze the preliminary phytochemical constituents, nutrient content, antimicrobial activity and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GCMS) characterization of Carum copticum. Approximate analysis was performed for the quantitative estimation of carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber, ash and moisture content. The phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of steroids, terpeniods, glycoside, flavonoid, reducing sugar and alkaloid. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used for the quantitative assessments of Mn, Cr, Fe, Ni, Zn, Cu, Ca and Mg. Carum copticum ash content indicated highest Ca (191.67mg/l) concentration followed by Mg (52.275mg/l), Fe (1.610mg/l) and Mn (0.941mg/l). Essential oil was analyzed by GCMS. p-Cyme-3-ol (38.00%), o-Cymene (37.44%), gamma-Terpines (21.07%) and beta-Pinene (1.42%) were identified as major constituents. Crude extracts and essential oil were verified against six gram negative bacteria, three gram positive bacteria and one fungal strain. Essentials oil was more effective as compared to the crude extracts and showed highest activity against Bacillus Atrophaeus (43mm). Our data revealed the high nutritive value and antimicrobial potential of Carum copticum which can be considered for the development of broad spectrum antimicrobial formulation and as a food preservative.

Biography:

Patricia Dias Fernandes has completed his PhD at Institute of Medical Biochemistry from Federal university of Rio de Janeiro. She is the titular professor of Pharmacology and head of the Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry from Institute of Biomedical Sciences, in UFRJ. Has published more than 70 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy.

Abstract:

Wound healing after damage to the skin involves a complex interplay between many cellular players of the skin. The search for new treatments or drugs that could improve healing in diabetic patients continues to be a goal in medicine. Copaiba oil constitutes one of the most important renewable sources of natural remedy for populations of the Amazon region. Nowadays, copaiba oil can be found in drugstores and markets all over Brazil. Tibouchina granulosa (“quaresmeira”) is an ornamental plant used for treatment of inflammatory conditions. Our objectives were to evaluate the wound healing effects of oilresin (OR) of Copaifera paupera and lyophilized infusion of T. granulosa (ITG) in diabetic mice. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of alloxan. Excision wounds (10 mm diameter) were done in anesthetized mice. During 14 consecutive days mice were locally treated with ITG or OR (100, 150 or 200 mg/kg) or collagenase (100U/kg). Photos were obtained from each lesion and areas were calculated by imageJ at days 0, 3, 7, 10 and 14. Tissue samples around the wound were collected for histological procedures (days 7 and 14) or cytokine measurements (3, 7, 10). Results indicate that OR and ITG retracts the wounds in a dose-dependent manner, with almost totally retraction at 7th day. Histological images demonstrated that all treated-groups have a better resolution than positive-control group and cytokines levels were higher than collagenase-group. Our data comprobate the healing effect of Copaiba oilresin and T. granulosa infusion offering new options for treatment of wounds in diabetic patients.

Biography:

Fabio Boylan studied Pharmacy at Rio de Janeiro Federal University, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. From February 1996 to February 1998, he was Lecturer at the Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. His Master project "Phylogenetic Trends within Lamiiflorae" was sponsored by CNPq, a Brazilian Governmental Agency for 1.5 years and he got the degree after being evaluated by Dr. Otto Richard Gottlieb. His Ph.D. project "Chemical and Pharmacological Studies on Raphiodon echinus and Marsypianthes chamaedrys" was sponsored by CAPES, another Brazilian Governmental Agency. In several years he was awarded with grants from FAPERJ (Rio de Janeiro Research Supporting Agency) and FINEP in 2003 when he had the opportunity to chair the XII Italian-Latin-American Conference on Ethnomedicine. Also in 2003 he was awarded with a special grant from CNPq due to his scientific collaboration to the Brazilian Science. Fabio stepped up as a senior lecturer at the Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro in 1998. In 2006, he started his sabbatical year in the School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, TCD, where he further served as a research coordinator from 2007-2008 and now is a full time lecturer in Pharmacognosy. He acts an ad hoc reviewer for the following scientific journals: Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, Brazilian Journal of Medicinal Plants, Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Phytochemistry, Iheringia Zoologia (Section Botany), Phytotherapy Research, Current Medicinal Chemistry, African Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences.

Abstract:

In recent years my research group has focused on alkaloids isolated from Choisya species, plants originally from Mexico that have been collected in Dublin, Ireland. Three species, named Choisya ternata, Choisya Aztec-Pearl and Choisya ternata var. Sundance were evaluated. Both volatile and non-volative alkaloids were investigated. Compounds present in the essential oil extracted from C. ternata, were identified and a new minor compound, named ternanthrin, had its structure established by means of mass spectroscopy confirmed by NMR analysis after its synthesis. Ternanthrin and its synthetic intermediates as well as the essential oil possessed antinociceptive activity in different models. Also ternanthrin and its derivatives were analysed in relation to their central nervous system activity and results indicated that they could act as anxiolytic and antidepressants. They were also investigated as anti ulcer agents to which they showed better results than the current medicines available. In relation to the non-volatile alkaloids, from Choisya ternata, we were able to isolate and identify the structure of a new alkaloid named choisyaternatine, a quinoline alkaloid. Other known quinoline alkaloids were also isolated and identified, tecleamaniensine A, anhydroevoxine, skimmianine, choisyine, isobalfourodine. These alkaloids were quantified in the three species. Studies of antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, cytotoxic and antioxidant activity were performed for the different plant species as well as for the isolated alkaloids to try and map their importance within each activity. All in all, we could observe that these compounds possess a high level of pharmacological importance that could allow their exploitation to be applied to different medical conditions.

Biography:

Fazlin Mohd-Fauzi has completed his MSc(Res) Chemoinformatics from University of Sheffield, UK, PhD from University of Cambridge, UK and BSc Pharmacy studies from Curtin University. She is the Lecturer of Pharmacognosy Department of Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

Abstract:

One of the long term complications of current oral anti-diabetic drugs is their damage to the immune system. Given the medical need in this area, in the current work we investigated the Ayurvedic anti-diabetic treatment Cassia auriculata (CA) in order to understand its mode-of-action (MOA) via combined cheminformatics and in vivo biological readouts, and to assess its potential therapeutic effect in the immunometabolic system. To this end, the synergism between 10 polyphenolic constituents of CA in modulating insulin and immunoprotective pathways were studied. In silico target prediction was first employed to predict the probability of the polyphenols interacting with key protein targets related to insulin signaling, based on a model trained on known bioactivity data and chemical similarity considerations. CA was furthermore subjected to in vivo studies where induced T2DM rats were treated with CA for 28 days and expression of genes relating to gluconeogenesis (PKC-1,G6PC), glucose transport (GLUT-2, GLUT-4), insulin sensitivity (INS-1, PEPCK), cytokine genes (IL-6,IFN-γ,TNF-α,NF-κb,PPAR-γ) and inflammatory markers (CRP) were measured. In the in silico study, with the exception of Catechin, all other polyphenols are predicted to modulate key targets of insulin signaling such as PI3K and PPAR with a high probability value. These results were corroborated by in vivo studies, where CA-treated rats shows reduced serum glucose and HbA1c, increased plasma level of C-peptide and insulin compared to control. Additionally, increased glucose transport, reduced gluconeogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation were observed, thus improving peripheral utilization of glucose and insulin sensitivity in the tissues. Furthermore, reduction in inflammatory cytokines by CA improves insulin signaling and reduces cellular damage. Hence, the therapeutic and protective effect of CA in T2DM can be better understood with the current study by a combination of in silico and in vivo analyses.

Biography:

Manavaln R has completed his PhD from Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS Pilani) Rajasthan, India. He is the Professor and Research Director at RVS College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. He has published more than 150 research papers in reputed journals. He has produced 31 PhD’s in Pharmacy.

Abstract:

Atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia, resulting from the abnormalities of lipid metabolism, is one of the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. In this present study, ethanolic extract of Corchorus aestuans L. (EECA) leaves were evaluated for antiatherosclerotic and hypolipidemic activities against high fat diet induced atherosclerosis in male Wistar rats. The experimental animals were divided into five groups, each having six animals. Group one served as normal control, group two received atherogenic diet (AD) (10 g cholesterol, 5 g sodium cholate, and 100 g hydrogenated vegetable oil in 1000 g standard laboratory chow), remaining three groups three, four and five received AD along with standard drug atorvastatin (10 mg/kg b.w p.o) and EECA (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w p.o) respectively for 90 days. The serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and atherogenic index (AI) were measured. EECA significantly decreased the levels of TC, TG, LDL, VLDL as well as atherogenic index and significantly increased the levels of HDL in dose-dependent manner. This study indicates that ethanolic extract of Corchorus aestuans L. possesses hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic effects and could be beneficial in the management of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.

Biography:

Rachelle P. Mendoza has completed her Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy at the age of 22 from University of the Philippines, College of Pharmacy, and her Doctor of Medicine at the age of 27 from De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, College of Medicine.  She is currently the Associate Director of the Center for Biopharmaceutical Research, and has served as principal investigator of several bioavailability and Phase 1 clinical trials.  She is also an Assistant Professor in the College of Medicine of De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, where she is also involved in several on-going basic science research.

Abstract:

Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) tubers and leaves have been used widely as foodstuff and as remedy for urinary ailments, muscle pain, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus.  Recent studies have investigated on isolating active components for their anti-cancer potential against melanoma, cervical cancer and colon cancer.  In this study, the cytotoxicity potential of hexane, methanol and DCM extracts of yacon leaves was assessed against MCF-7 (breast cancer), HT-29 (colon cancer) and HDFn (normal human dermal fibroblast) cell lines by using AlamarBlue assay.  Results showed significant reduction in cellular viability of MCF-7 cell lines caused by hexane, methanol and DCM extracts in a dose dependent manner, with DCM being the most potent.  The DCM extract also produced significant cytotoxic activity against HT-29 cells, with IC₅₀ lower than 5-fluorouracil.  Effect on HDFn showed that three yacon extracts produced significantly lower cytotoxicity compared to drug controls with the DCM extract showing the least toxicity. These results are very promising for discovering anti-cancer molecule in yacon leaves.

Biography:

Chougouo Kengne R.D has completed her PhD; She is a Pharmacist Officer and Researcher (CER) at the University Mountain Cameroon. She has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Malaria is the most deadly disease that concerns mostly African children under the age of five. Its difficult treatment because of drug resistance to conventional molecules leads to the use of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) recommended by WHO. Several studies, for instance those of Chougouo and al. showed that the infusion of A. annua is more efficient than ACT after 7 days of treatment, but hardly accepted by children mostly those under 2 years old because of the quantity to administer. The present study is to put in place a more acceptable dosage form for children suppositories made from A. annua grown in Cameroon. To evaluate its quality, the powder of leaves and stems of A. annua has been submitted to physicochemical analysis. The particle size conducted by the sieve method and laser diffraction. Artemisinin, determined by TLC - densitometry, then read through MESURIM software. Entire flavonoids titrated by Aluminum chloride. The formula of medicines established and suppositories submitted to pharmacotechnical tests. The powder obtained, of bitter taste, greyish-green, with characteristic odor (camphor), is homogeneous with 56,37 % of particles in the sieve of diameter over or equal to 63 μm. The artemisinin and entire flavonoids contents are respectively of 5 mg/g and 0,43 mg equivalent to quercetin per Gramm of dry matter. 250 mg suppositories of active principle have been made knowing that, 1g of A. annua powder moves 0,72 g of Suppocire C. They are dark-green, shiny, smooth, barrel-shaped. Their average weight is 2,15 g, disintegration time 8 min 16 s, the fusion point 35,7 ËšC. The made A. annua suppositories, are in conformity with european pharmacopoeia. The suppositories will contributed to a better treatment of malaria among children. 

Biography:

Chougouo Kengne R.D has completed her PhD; she is a Pharmacist Officer and Researcher (CER) at the University Mountain Cameroon. She has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Introduction: Artemisia annua is an annual plant from Chinis origin well known for its medicinal value due to its diverse chemical composition in 2010. CHOUGOUO showed that A. annua cultivated in Cameroon is rich in essential oil and in 2012; DOMUM demonstrated the larvicidal antibacterial and antifungal properties of A. annua of Cameroon. In the continuation of these works, we want to investigate the repulsive effect which could be used in malaria prevention.

Materials and methods: The essential oil of Artemisia annua of Cameroon and that of Luxemburg were obtained by hydro-distillation of dry leaves of Artemisia annua from the two countries. In order to determine their repulsive activities, two methods were used:

-      One of the standard W.H.O (night catch on exposed human legs)

-      Cage tests (Bigoga models).

All our methods were validated and the results analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel.

Results and discussion: The turnover of the extraction of the two essential oils gave 0.16%. The repulsive activity was evaluated at the concentration of 0, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 part per million (ppm). After the application of the two types of oil by the two methods, we observed that the two plants are very repulsive as from 50 ppm up to 400 ppm. The time of protection is in an average of 3 hours, but this reduces as the essential oil is diluted.

Conclusion: Essential oil extract from the leaves of Artemisia annua cultivated in Cameroon and in Luxemburg have similar repulsive properties on adult Anopheles gambiae.

Biography:

Farid A Badria has done PhD (Microbial Transformation) from the University of Mississippi, USA and 2 Masters of Science from Mansoura and Minnesota Universities. TWAS-ARO, Regional Prize in “Public Understanding and Popularization of Science (2013), World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Gold Medal (2011); Outstanding Arab Scholar, Kuwait (2000); Khawrazmi International Award, Iran (2000), are just some of the awards he received. He has submitted 43 patents to the Egyptian Academy of Sciences, of which 16 had been granted final certificates with intellectual protection for 20 years. With over 100 publications, he continues to lead research projects on: developing new therapy for liver disorders, arthritis, skin disorders, and biomarkers for cancer.

Abstract:

Aldose reductase (AR) has been a drug target because of its involvement in the development of secondary complications of diabetes including cataract. Although numerous synthetic AR inhibitors (ARI) have been tested and shown to inhibit the enzyme, clinically synthetic ARIs have not been very successful. Therefore, evaluating natural sources for ARI potential may lead to the development of safer and more effective agents against diabetic complications. In the present study we have assessed the inhibition of AR using natural products both in vitro and in lens organ. Bioguided fractionation assays were used for inhibition against both rat lens and purified recombinant human AR. Out of 68 tested plant extracts only 7 were able to inhibit rat lens and recombinant human AR. Quercetin, Kaempferol and Ellagic acid is promising naturally occurring are potent inhibitors of AR and suggest that exploring the therapeutic value of natural ingredients that people can incorporate into everyday life may be an effective approach in the management of diabetic complications.

Biography:

Alband M has completed her MPharma degree with first class honours in 2013 at UCL School of Pharmacy, London. Following her registration as a fully qualified Pharmacist at Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust, she returned to UCL to undertake a PhD in Translational Sciences and Pharmaceutics. Her work involved the development of a novel medical implant funded by a prestigious NIHR grant that has led to the award of an international travel grant.

Abstract:

Introduction: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible visual impairment worldwide. Glaucoma surgical devices fail due to a scarring response those results in fibrous encapsulation surrounding the device preventing aqueous humor drainage. 3D printing technology has the potential to develop personalized ophthalmic devices or organs with improved cost effectiveness and productivity. Limited experimental data exists as to the biocompatibility response of 3D printed photopolymers. We performed cell adhesion and protein adsorption studies of 3D printed photopolymers compared to materials used in current ophthalmic devices (Silicone, Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)) to assess 3D printed materials as a potential route for ophthalmic device development. Methods: 3D printed materials (n=6) were developed using a high-resolution, desktop stereolithography (SLA) 3D printer and compared to materials used in current ophthalmic devices. Protein adsorption was quantified using a micro bicinchoninic acid (Micro BCA) assay and fluorescein-conjugated bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA) adsorption. Cell adhesion (monocytes, fibroblasts) was assessed using alamar blue, CyQUANT and live/dead assays. Data were compared using a two-tailed unpaired t-Test. Results: 3D printed materials demonstrated low cell adhesion and protein adsorption. Results were similar to those found with materials used in current ophthalmic devices (P>0.05). However it was noted that 3D printed materials demonstrated increased cytotoxicity (P<0.05). Conclusion: 3D printed photopolymer materials demonstrated a similar biocompatibility response to currently used materials and may allow for the development of customisable ophthalmic devices or organs. Subsequent testing will determine the adhesion response to 3D printed materials containing anti-scarring agents.

Biography:

Anuja Bhardwaj is a PhD. Scholar under the supervision of Dr. Kshipra Misra, Scientist ’F’/HOD, Chemistry Division (Phytochemistry) at DEFENCE INSTITUTE OF PHYSIOLOGY & ALLIED SCIENCES (DIPAS), DRDO, India. Her thesis work is on "Bio-guided fractionation of Ganoderma lucidum". She holds M. Phil. Degree in Life Sciences. She has accomplished her post-graduation (M.Sc.) from Amity University, Noida, India, in the discipline of biotechnology. During graduation, Medical laboratory technology was her discipline. She was awarded CSIR-fellowship in the year 2011 in life sciences.

Abstract:

Significant number of people travel to high altitude (HA) for occupation or recreation, exposing themselves to hypoxia and associated risk of acute mountain sickness and seldom, high altitude pulmonary edema and high altitude cerebral edema. Exposure to HA often leads to cellular oxidative damage that disrupts normal physiology of the body. Acclimatization to such oxidative challenge requires a relatively longer period of time. Therefore, adaptogens as nutraceuticals or dietary supplements may be found beneficial in attenuating and/or preventing oxidative damage associated with HA. Ganoderma lucidum (GL) is one such medicinal mushroom revered for its profound health benefits like antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-microbial and anti-tumorigenic properties being a hub of various bioactive compounds. Thus, a dose-dependent study was carried out to evaluate adaptogenic potential of aqueous extract of G. lucidum mycelium (GLM) against HA-induced hypoxic stress using cold, hypoxia and restraint (C-H-R) model. Experimental animals were exposed to cold (5°C) and hypoxia (428 mmHg) equivalent to an altitude of 4572m under restraint state. GLM was administered orally at doses of 50, 100 and 150mg/kg body weight to overnight fasted animal groups prior to exposure. The time taken to reach termination point i.e. rectal temperature at 23ï‚°C was used as a measure of endurance. After exposure, antioxidant and stress markers such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxidation (MDA), etc. levels were investigated in tissue homogenates along with hematological parameters. GLM at a dose of 100mg/kg body weight demonstrated maximum adaptogenic activity as indicated by decreased MDA and LDH levels.

Biography:

Will update soon.

Abstract:

Hundred years in Africa Adansonia Digitala (Baobab) leave is been used as a local soap, and scientifically is multipurpose tree which offers protection and provide food, clothing and medicine as well as raw material for many useful items, the fruit. Pulp, seeds, flowers, roots, leaves, and bark of the plants are edible and have been studied by scientist for their useful interest. This paper will focus, on the leave for elemental analysis using the Nigerian Nuclear. Research Reaction (NIRR-1) using instrumental neutron Activation Analysis Technique. The Reactor is a compact, multi elements analyzer and low power nuclear facility, and is adopt tank in pull in structure and is operate at 31kw ne/sec, is useful for analyzing materials for Agriculture, medicine and any other Biological or Geological materials, from the results obtained are : A1, 23 ± 03ppm, Ba, 13±0.03, Ca, 28±0.6, Mg, 31±09, mn, 27±0.4, Na, 14± 0.16, K, 10 ± .02 Fe, 11±04, and Zn 15± 05, respectively.

Biography:

Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro has completed his PhD at the age of 25 years from São Paulo University (USP, Brazil) and postdoctoral studies from IACR-Rothamsted. She is the professor of Fundamental Chemistry Department of Federal University of Pernambuco (Brazil Northeast). She has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

In 2004 the first publication of our group showed a mortality and deterrent effect promoted in presence of NaCl in Aedes aegypti oviposition sites. In 2009, we studied the activities of essential oil of Piper marginatum as deterrent and larvicidal effect. The same studies were performed to essential oils from Alpinia purpurata, Croton rhamnifolioides, Commiphora leptophloeos and Etlingera elatior. Recently, we used electrophysiology technique (EAD) to identify compounds responsible to deterrent effect in oils, and provide evidences of their effect in oviposition bioassays. (E)-Caryophyllene, α-Humulene, dodecanal and n-dodecanol were proved deterrent compounds by our group, they were identified by EAD and tested in oviposition bioassays. It is rewarding to present the results obtained in the last 12 years in the 4th International Conference and Exhibition on Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry & Natural Productsan international meeting.

Biography:

Will be updated soon.

Abstract:

Oligostilbenes are natural polyphenols deriving from the condensation of oxygenated E-stilbene units. Given the number of reactive centres, a large number of oligomeric species have been described, from dimers to octamers. These compounds display significant biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial properties as well as significant cytotoxicity. Their distribution is restricted to a few families only, including the Dipterocarpaceae (dominant timber trees in Southeast Asia). In these plants, oligostilbenes derive solely from resveratrol. Over the last decade, we undertook to investigate in detail the chemistry of chengal (Neobalanocarpus heimii), one of the most valuable members of this family. Using semi-automated HPLC-based isolation procedures, eighteen compounds including two new dimers (heimiols A & B) and three new tetramers (heimiols C-E) were isolated and their structures elucidated by conventional spectroscopic analysis, including 2D NMR. Eventually, we devised a dereplication approach solely based on MSn using a 3D ion trap mass spectrometer. This method has the advantage of eliminating the dependence on chromatographic data and thus improves its portability. We were able to clearly discriminate tetrameric diastereoisomers differing by a single stereocentre. This approach was used for dereplicating the leaf and bark extracts of that tree species. In order to better understand the oligostilbenes biogenesis, we examined their biomimetic synthesis. Using one-electron oxidants we were able to obtain dimers in a regio- and stereoselective manner. Upon varying the metal oxidant (AgOAc, CuBr2, FeCl3.6H2O, FeCl3.6H2O/NaI, PbO2, VOF3), the solvent (over the whole range of polarities), and the oxygenated substitution pattern of the starting material, stilbenoid oligomers with totally different carbon skeletons were obtained. By looking at these results combined with all those from the literature, we could explain the determinism of the type of skeleton produced with the aid of hard and soft acid/base concepts in conjunction with stable noncovalent π stacking of the stilbene precursors. Quantum mechanics (density functional theory, DFT) provided much support to this theory and further hinted at a radical-neutral mechanism against the conventional wisdom. We further considered the formation of tetrameric species and were able to explain their stereochemistry from specific -stacking of -viniferin precursor units. Again, DFT modeling supported our hypotheses.

Biography:

Will be updated soon.

Abstract:

The secondary metabolites found in Mangroves represent an extremely rich source of novel chemical diversity for academic drug discovery and chemical biology programs. It is particularly true that the mangroves from Southern Coast of China are very prolific producers of bioactive natural products.Our group at SIMM has long been engaged in the searching for novel secondary metabolites with pharmacological potential from Chinese mangrove plants.2 In collaboration with biologists and pharmacologists at SIMM, many mangroves were chemically investigated and numerous novel isolates obtained were pharmacologically screened for activity in a variety of cell-based and pure enzyme assays designed to identify promising lead compounds for the development of drugs in the therapy of human diseases.3 This presentation will discuss examples of bioactive metabolites (structures and activities) from our recent discovery efforts.

Biography:

Will be Updated soon.

Abstract:

For several decades, the tea from Artemisia annua has been used as an antimalarial drug. Previous studies indicate that its activity is associated with the presence of a large number of active chemical substances including artemisinin, flavonoids, and essential oils. The use of the tea is effective in clinical trials, although it is inconvenient for patients because of its bitter taste, chemical instability and the large volume required to be taken. This study aims at addressing organoleptic problems of herbal tea to enhance compliance, acceptability and stability of antimalarial drug. First, the ways of producing encapsulated forms from the plant were found out. Many tests were performed on the dry powder of leaves and stems. These included studying organoleptic characteristics, residual moist, ability to hydrate and to compact, the fluidity and the granulometric profile. The artemisinin was determined by a thin layer chromatography / densitometry. Total flavonoids was assessed through a spectrophometer. The capsules were produced in alignment with user acceptability. Other additional control tests were performed on the final product. The powder from these plant parts is grey-green with a characteristic of attractive odor, bitter taste, homogenous, fine and hygroscopic. The residual moist (5.07%); the artemisinin contents (0.5% (m/m)) and the flavonoids (0.43 mg) equivalent of quercetin/g of dry matter. The resulting capsules (250 mg of active principle and 7.5 mg of magnesium stearate as the lubricant) shines and has white-blue color. The average weight (253.7 ± 2.53 g) and the decomposition time < 5 minutes. The water and artemisinin contents kept intact for 30 days after manufacture. The Artemisia annua-based antimalarial capsule developed meet the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia. The dosage form solves the organoleptic problems of herbal tea, thus improving compliance, acceptability and stability of artemisinin. Key words: Malaria, Artemisia annua, Capsules.

Biography:

Will be updated soon.

Abstract:

Malaria is the most deadly disease that concerns mostly African children under the age of five. Its difficult treatment because of drug resistance to conventional molecules leads to the use of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) recommended by WHO. Several studies, for instance those of Chougouo and al. showed that the infusion of A. annua is more efficient than ACT after 7 days of treatment, but hardly accepted by children mostly those under 2 years old because of the quantity to administer. The present study is to put in place a more acceptable dosage form for children suppositories made from A. annua grown in Cameroon. To evaluate its quality, the powder of leaves and stems of A. annua has been submitted to physicochemical analysis. The particle size conducted by the sieve method and laser diffraction. Artemisinin, determined by TLC - densitometry, then read through MESURIM software. Entire flavonoids titrated by Aluminum chloride. The formula of medicines established and suppositories submitted to pharmacotechnical tests. The powder obtained, of bitter taste, greyish-green, with characteristic odor (camphor), is homogeneous with 56,37 % of particles in the sieve of diameter over or equal to 63 μm. The artemisinin and entire flavonoids contents are respectively of 5 mg/g and 0,43 mg equivalent to quercetin per Gramm of dry matter. 250 mg suppositories of active principle have been made knowing that, 1g of A. annua powder moves 0,72 g of Suppocire C. They are dark-green, shiny, smooth, barrel-shaped. Their average weight is 2,15 g, disintegration time 8 min 16 s, the fusion point 35,7 ˚C. The made A. annua suppositories, are in conformity with european pharmacopoeia. The suppositories will contributed to a better treatment of malaria among children.

Biography:

Yalda Shokoohinia has completed her Pharm D in 2005 and her PhD in 2011 both from Isfahan University of medical sciences. She started as an assistant professor in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2011 and awarded as associate professor in 2015. She has been the head of department of Pharmacognosy & Biotechnology from 2013 to 2015. She has beenalso head of continuous medical education of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences from 2015. She has published more than 34 articles indexed in ISI web of science, Pubmed, Scopus , etc and has supervised more than 30 theses of Pharm D and MSc students.

Abstract:

Introduction: Echinophora cinerea belongs to Apiaceae family. Its aerial parts are used as vegetables and seasoned yogurt and cheese, and for the treatment of digestive disorders in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari. Despite the traditional use and dietary and pharmacological studies on Echinophora spp, no attempt has been made to isolate secondary metabolites of its non-polar (acetone) extract. So phytochemical investigation seems to be necessary to use this plant in a better manner. Methods: Powdered aerial parts of the plant were macerated with acetone and concentrated extract was fractionated on RP-18 sorbent using mixture of methanol and water with decreasing polarity. The resulting fractions were analyzed by NMR and promising fractions were refractionated and purified using normal phase column chromatography and reversed and normal phase preparative HPLC analyses and structures of pure compounds were determined by HNMR, COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY spectra and Mass analysis. Results: After extraction, column chromatography and HPLC purification of acetone extract, three novel skeleton polyacetylene compounds (echinophorin A-C) were resulted. Cell cytotoxicity of pure compounds was evaluated by MTT assay on MCF-7, SKNMC and PC3 cell line. Echinophorin A and B show significant cytotoxicity effect on PC3 and SKNMC cell line and IC50 of these compounds are 23 and 25 µg/ml on PC3 repectively. Conclusion: Regarding novel skeleton constituents of E.cinerea, this plant could be a good source of potential medicinal natural products. Considering the fact that polyacetylenes are natural protective compounds, this plant could utilized as an antioxidant agent.

Biography:

Alberto Alcibiades Salazar Granara is a Physician and has completed his PhD in Medicine and MSc in Pharmacology in the USMP, also, has a postdoctoral study in the Universidade de Sao Paulo School of Medicine, and the Universidade Federal de Rio Grande do Sul and Hospital Clinicas de Porto Alegre. He is the director of Center of Traditional Medicine and Pharmacology (USMP). He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals, his interests are the studied the Peruvian medicinal plants, also, in discover off-label effect from the common drugs, likewise, the pharmacogenetic and pharmacokinetic highlight markers in Peruvian population.

Abstract:

Peru has the fifth highest biodiversity of any country worldwide. It also has one of top number of species of plants with medicinal properties commonly used by the population. Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq, also known as “chuchuhuasi”, and Jatropha curcas Linn, also known “piñon blanco” are medicinal plant from the Amazonian of Peru. These plants are recognized by the Peruvian traditional medicine for this reason, empirically, these plant are commonly used to relieve symptoms related to gastrointestinal system, colds and rheumatic complains and others. This presentation is a review of the studies of the biological effects from these Peruvian medicinal plants, focused in the toxicity, efficacy, and pharmacology interaction. To explore toxicity, it is explored lethal doses 50 and neurobehavioral patterns; also, it is shown damage in organs and systems. To explore efficacy, focused in the evaluation on the nociception, analgesic activity, anti-inflammatory effect, anti-psychotic, anti-depressant, neurobehavioral profile, cardiac effect, and gastrointestinal motility. Finally, it is shown the pharmacological interaction between common drugs like the analgesics, prokinetics, antidiarrheals, anti-depressives and anti-psychotics with these medicinal plants.

Biography:

The paper is authored by Fourth year Pharmacy students of the University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Pharmacy in Manila, Philippines. They were advised by Faculty members from the same university. The research paper had been presented for defense on December 2015 in the afore mentionedinstitution

Abstract:

Previous in vitro study conducted on Blumea balsamifera leaf extract proved that it has a strong anti-obesity potential by inhibiting adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Blumea balsamifera aqueous (BBAE) and ethanolic (BBEE) leaf extracts in managing obesity of diet-induced obese Sprague-Dawley rats. Induction of obesity was done by feeding the groups with a high fat diet (HFD) for 21 days with the exception of one group that received a standard diet (SD). Administration of the treatment was given for 24 days via oral gavage with the following doses: 300mg/kg BBAE and BBEE, 600mg/kg BBAE and BBEE, and 21.6mg/kg Orlistat. The Lee’s index and lipid profile of the groups were compared during the post induction and post treatment period. 600mg/kg dose of BBAE and BBEE had greatly lowered the Lee’s index among the other doses. 300 mg/Kg dose BBEE, 600 mg/Kg BBAE, and 300 mg/kg BBAE lowered the total cholesterol level, LDL level, and VLDL and total triglyceride level respectively. The extracts, however, lowered the HDL level which was also exhibited by the standard drug, Orlistat.

Biography:

Will be updated soon.

Abstract:

It is necessary for the rational use of any drug to have a good understanding of the concentrations that will be achieved in the body after its administration. Of particular interest is the question of bioavailability to assess to what degree and how fast the therapeutic agent is absorbed. Whereas there is usually detailed information available about the pharmacokinetics and biopharmaceutics of chemical drugs, this is usually not the case for natural compounds. However, in principle the same concepts apply since only with a good characterization of pharmacokinetics (‘what the body does to the drug’) and pharmacodynamics (‘what the drug does to the body’) it is possible to optimize the therapeutic use of the agent. Knowledge of the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics is essential for the correct in-vivo interpretation of in-vitro activities that are sometimes the basis of therapeutic claims. Of particular interest is the question of bioavailability to assess to what degree and how fast compounds are absorbed after administration of natural compounds. Of further interest is the elucidation of metabolic pathways (yielding potentially new active compounds), and the assessment of elimination routes and their kinetics. These data become an important issue to link data from pharmacological assays and clinical effects. Establishing the pharmacological basis for efficacy of natural compounds is a constant challenge due to their complex composition and the ever-increasing list of their putatively active constituents. In vitro assays normally are cheap and relatively easy to perform, but the relevance of the findings is based on a sufficient concentration of active constituents at the site of the action. Thus, these data become an important issue to link data from pharmacological assays and clinical effects. With increasing knowledge of putatively active compounds and availability of highly selective and sensitive analytical methods for certain natural compounds an increasing amount of data on bioavailability and pharmacokinectics have been reported recently. One common problem in the assessment of pharmacokinetic properties of natural products is that frequently the pharmacologically active agents are not known. This presents a dilemma since without clearly identified target compounds it does not make much sense to measure concentrations of the product ingredients. Only if a correlation exists between the concentration of an active component of a natural product and its efficacy and/or safety, pharmacokinetic studies of individual chemical entities are warranted. If this is not possible, an alternative approach for the characterization of natural compounds is the use of pharmacodynamic surrogates, which should be quantifiable and correlate with the therapeutic outcome. These surrogates allow evaluating the overall activity of a complex biological mixture and compare different products. Results from these pharmacodynamic studies may then also be helpful to identify the active ingredients and obtain a better scientific understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms. These studies will lead to appropriate criteria, which can be used to evaluate different natural products and their dosage forms and help to advance the field of herbal medicine from empirical experience to a more rational and safer pharmacotherapy. This presentation summarizes data available on bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of some commonly used natural compounds. Pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies that have been conducted for some of the more important or widely used natural products are critically evaluated. A good understanding of their pharmacokinetics and bioavailability is essential in designing rational dosage regimens. Furthermore, various drug interactions are discussed which show that caution should be exercised when combining phytopharmaceuticals with chemical derived active pharmaceutical ingredients.

Biography:

Regina Figueiredo is a research leader at the Microbiology department in Aggeu Magalhães Research Institute. She obtained her PhD in Molecular and Cell Biology from Oswaldo Cruz Institute in 2000. Her Lab focuses on the prospection of natural products such as essential oils, plant extracts, lectins, lichens compounds against pathogenic microorganisms, including Trypanosomatids protozoa as Trypanosoma cruzi and the different species of Leishmania. She is also interested in study the mechanisms of cell death induced by drugs on parasitic Trypanosomatids.

Abstract:

The essential oils from aromatic plants commonly used in traditional medicine, have been proven to be promissory against pathogenic microorganisms. In the last years we have investigated the activity of essential oils (EOs) from medicinal plants of Northeast of Brazil against the protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania sp., the causative agents of Chagas disease and Leishmaniasis, respectively. The EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized by GC-MS. The EOs from Lippia sidoides Cham, Ocimmum gratissimum were evaluated for both trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities, whereas Lippia origanoides, Chenopodium abromsioides, Justicia pectorales and Vitex agnus-castus were tested only against Trypanosoma cruzi. Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. and Ocimum gratissimum were evaluated against Leishmania chagasi. The most prevalent chemical constituents of these essential oils were monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. All essential oils tested demonstrated an inhibitory effect on parasites growth and survival with no significant cytotoxic effects in mammalian cells. The most effective EOs were investigated for their mechanism of action. Although the severity of treatments on parasite morphology and physiology was dependent on the EOs used, drastic morphological and physiological changes could be observed in all EO-treated parasites. Taken together, our results point towards the use of these essential oils as potential chemotherapeutic agent against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania.

Biography:

He has completed his PhD at the age of 35 years from Isfahan University of medical sciences . He is the director of about 120 thesis (pharmacy.medicine,MSc,. He has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute.

Abstract:

Globally, malnutrition is the major cause of mortality, especially in developing countries. Improper or inadequate food intake is one of the main causes of malnutrition. Low- food-intake and malnutrition is not only cause growth impairment but it can also cause numerous problems. Initially, low-food-intake reduces the weight, and then it can cause growth failure in children. Malnutrition is the biggest cause of death in children, and loss of appetite is the most important factor affecting malnutrition in children. Thinking over the importance of proper nutrition in child’s growth and lack of proper appetizer in pharmaceutical market, preparing an effective herbal product to increase appetite in children suffering from growth failure and malnutrition was considered. The gentiopicroside was isolated from yellow gentian by PTLC and identified by FT-IR and GC-MS. The amount of this substance in Aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Gentiana olivieri Griseb plant was determined by HPLC and its bitterness value (5.3318) was measured. The plant’s root extract was used to prepare hydroalcoholic product (2.5%) and it appetizing effect was evaluated in children at the dose of 2.5 mg/kg/day for 1 month. Beside Variables such as weight, height, waist, consumed calories, and hunger VAS score, liver enzymes fluctuations and some blood biochemistry tests were also monitored. Amount of Gentiopicroside substance in the aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts was found to be 120.8, 91.5 and 586.6 ppm respectively.The product was found to have very significant effect on weight, food intake and VAS score, compared with placebo.

Biography:

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Abstract:

Plants are used by people to alleviate certain ailments and trusted to have healing potentials since the beginning of civilization. Herbal plants referred to as traditional medicine were characterized as different types of unscientific knowledge systems cultivated over generations of herbal use. Since the Philippines has an ample amount of resources, particularly in the rural areas, the researchers prefer to conduct further ethnobotanical studies specifically at San Jorge, Western Samar where individuals rely on natural resources. The study aimed to conduct an ethnobotanical survey on the traditional plants used by the people of San Jorge, Western Samar to document their knowledge on traditional medicines and their application in order to promote better understanding on the proper usage of medicinal plants. The descriptive method of research was used in this study using Snowball sampling method. The information was gathered through questionnaires which was substantiated by personal and informal interviews in order to gather additional information. The desired information was focused on the belief and practices on the use of medicinal plants and the data gathered was subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. The study was conducted in ten (10) selected barangays in San Jorge, Western Samar, making use of a four hundred seven (407) respondents in a span of ten days survey. Results of the study showed that majority of the respondents are still using herbal plants, revealing the close relation of man to his culture. Fifty (50) medicinal plants have been reported by the respondents belonging to 32 families. Ten (10) out of fifty were pointed out as the most frequently used medicinal plants by getting the mean of Frequency Index result. Additional data were obtained as to how the respondents diagnose their common diseases, how they prepare the different plants as their source of medicine based on their beliefs. The study revealed that the people of San Jorge Western Samar continuously cultivate and still believed in the healing potentials of medicinal plants because there plants are still their major source of cure.

Biography:

Sana Kanwal completed her Pharm D from Riphah international university, Islamabad and MS in Pharmacy practice from Hamdard institute of pharmaceutical sciences. I have 5 publications in the area of clinical pharmacy and pharmacy practice. Now a day I am serving as a lecturer of clinical pharmacy, in the pharmacy department of The University of Lahore, Islamabad campus.

Abstract:

The study purports to assess perceptions and knowledge of pharmacists (hospital and community) regarding use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM). Methodology Data was collected through self administered questionnaires. Hospital and community pharmacists from twin cities (Islamabad and Rawalpindi) were included in this study. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select community pharmacies (Rawalpindi and Islamabad) from the sampling frame. However all tertiary care/ specialized care hospitals (public/private) were visited. Convenient sampling technique was employed to collect data from both hospital and pharmacists. Data collected from practicing pharmacists via questionnaires, was coded and analyzed by using SPSS (version 16.0). Results Total 244 practicing pharmacists (community and hospital pharmacists) participated in this study, 52.9% were male while 47.1% were female. The results of the study revealed that most of the respondents (74.2%) were of the opinion that pharmacists should be provided with proper training regarding CAM use. Majority of the respondents (54.9%) were of the view that herbal products available in market don’t meet quality standard (safety and efficacy). The results indicated that knowledge of pharmacists regarding herbal remedies was inadequate. However knowledge regarding indications of herbal drug use was better than that of adverse effects and drug-herb interactions. Conclusion This study highlighted gaps in knowledge of pharmacists regarding rational use of herbal remedies. It suggested that practicing pharmacists (community/hospital) should be provided with training regarding safety and efficacy of CAM so that they become capable enough to provide adequate information to patients regarding rational use of CAM.

Biography:

Will be updated soon.

Abstract:

Garcinia lancifolia Roxb. is an important unexplored medicinal plant belonging to the family Cluseaceae, which has been used traditionally to treat many diseases. No scientific validation has been made up to now on its pharmacological activity for which the present study was to investigate the antinociceptive, antihyperglycemic activity and in-vitro membrane stabilizing activity with phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of G. lancifolia whole plant. The phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloid, cardiac glycoside, terpenoids extensively. In peripheral antinociceptive activity assessment by acetic acid writhing inhibition method, the extract of G. lancifolia (400 and 200 mg/kg) showed significant inhibition of writhing (P<0.001) with 59.15% and 49.30% respectively compared to standard Diclofenac (54.92% inhibition). The central antinociceptive activity by the tail-immersion method, the methanolic extract at dose of 400 and 200 mg/kg showed significant analgesic activity having 78.31% (P<.0.05) and 89.95% (P<.0.01) elongation of reaction time respectively in 90 min after administration of sample compared to the standard Morphine (708.99% elongation). In the hot plate tail-flick method, the extract (300 mg/kg) showed significant (P<.0.05) analgesic activity compared to the standard Aceclofenac. In hypoglycemic activity evaluate by the most acceptable method of glucose tolerance test, the methanolic extract exhibit statistically significant (P<0.001) antihyperglycemic activity at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg of body weight compared to standard drug Glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) at different time interval. In membrane stabilizing activity assay, clearly evident that the methanolic extracts of G. lancifolia were highly effective to prevent the lyses of erythrocytes induced by heat. During heat induced condition this extract demonstrated 71.35% inhibition of haemolysis of RBC respectively by isotonic solution. The experimental outcomes of the present study revealed that this plant possess noteworthy pharmacological activities that may be basis for further research to find possible mode of action of the plant part.

Biography:

V.Sotero, Doctorated at Bichemistry Pharmaceutical at FCF- USP,Director of the Circle of Medicnal Plants from Amaznian of of Foundation for the Sustainable in Lowland Amazonian (FUNDESAB-Peru). He has pulished abotu 30 papers in several scientific journals

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to realize the evaluation of the allelopathic activity of 83 vegetable species from Allpahuayo – Mishana Reserve in Peruvian Amazon, and to determine the main polar components of three species of that showed high activity. Leaves samples were collected, which were subjected to elution for two weeks to get the methanol extracts e to test the inhibition of the roots of pre-germinated seeds of Lactuca sativa. These extracts were dried in a rotary evaporator and the product subjected to column fractionation opened using silica gel No. 100, using as mobile phase methanol and obtaining the fractions according to the appropriate retention time, and meet the fractions containing similar molecules through analysis of thin layer chromatography; which were tested to evaluate their allelopathic activity against pre-germinated seeds of Lactuca sativa. In this way it was found that three species showed activity in extracts, these were the Iryanthera ulei, Duroia hirsuta and Theobroma obovatum. When performing the analysis on GC-MS. was found compounds as terpenes, phenolics and organic acids, as the following: isoeugenol, catechol, humulene in I. ulei; limonene, geranic acid, neric acid, homovanillil alcohol in D. hirsute; phenol. 2,4-bis (1.1-dimethylethyl), α ionone in T. obovatum and phytol in each.

Biography:

Will be updated soon.

Abstract:

The Apiaceae family is represented in Algeria by 28 genus and 146 species. Among this family, many plants of the genus are widely used in local herbal medicine, as they show a wide range of pharmacological activities. Many species of Apiaceae were used in folk medicine, as spices in cookery, but also as official medicinal drugs [1, 2].Thus, they account as a well-known source of essential oils and important herbal products. They are included in various pharmacopoeias as antiseptic, expectorant, diuretic, carminative, vasodilator, or spasmolytic agents [3]. The purpose of this research concerns the phytochemical and the biological study of of some genus of the Algerian flora’s medicinal plants known as Return, Formula, Bupleurum, Daucus. The diverse methods of separation and purification of the methanolic extract of these plants to obtain many constituents. Many compounds belonging to different classes of secondary metabolites were isolated for the first time from the aerial parts of some species. These include flavonoids, coumarines, terpenoides an epoxide and a sugar which contributed to the diversity of natural products in the species. The structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was based on analyses of their spectroscopic data (1D and 2D NMR, UV, MS). Structure elucidations of the phytoconstituents were achieved using various spectroscopic methods such as 1D (1H, 13C) and 2D (COSY, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY) NMR, MS, IR and UV-Vis and by comparison of their data with those of published compounds. Analyses of the extracts by gas chromatography and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) tentatively identified many compounds, the various extracts and isolated compounds of this species were studied for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The isolation of these biological active compounds showed the real importance to investigate plants that can be sources of new com- pounds with clinical activities

Biography:

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Abstract:

Artemisia absinthium (Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of many diseases including inflammatory diseases component. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity oral administration of aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium leaves at doses of 150 and 300 mg / kg PC, by carrageenan induced paw edema in mouse model. At the end of the experiments, histological study is conducted. Our results show that the injection of the carrageenan causes a significant increase in paw volume of the mice. Oral administration of diclofinac (50 mg / Kg bw) causes a reduction in paw volume of the mice over the six hours of experimentation. Moreover, after one hour, the percentage inhibition of the aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium at a dose of 150 mg / kg bw was 43%, the activity increases up to the sixth hour (90%). Similarly, at a dose of 300 mg / Kg bw the inhibitory effect of the extract of Artemisia absinthium starts and gradually increases during the experimentation (77% to 96% by H1 and H6). Histological examination of paw mice treated by diclofinac and by the aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium (150 and 300 mg / kg bw) confirm that these treatments have anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, at a dose 300 mg / kg bw, the inflammatory infiltrate disappears almost completely. The results of this study showed that the aqueous extract of Artemesia absinthium has an efficacy in acute paw edema in mice induced by carrageenan, with greater efficiency at a dose of 300 mg/kg bw as compared to that of 150 mg/kg bw and that of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory.