5^th International Conference and Exhibition on Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry & Natural Products July 24-25, 2017 Melbourne, Australia

Biography:

Yos Banne was born in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia on November 3rd, 1974. She completed bachelor degree on Pharmacy Dept. Hasanuddin University and a master degree on Faculty of Pharmacy at Gadjah Mada University in 2012. She is lecturer in Pharmacy Department, Health Polytechnic Manado since 2005 and do research in the fields of pharmaceuticals, especially of traditional medicine and medicinal dosage formulations. Several studies have been published in last 5 years either through journals or by oral / poster at the national and international seminar, including the formulation of nano-curcumin with chitosan as carrier, the use of coconut flour as a disintegrant in tablet formulation and preparation of medicines and cosmetics formulation from natural materials and examine its pharmacological effects.

Abstract:

Soursop plant can be used as a traditional medicine. The leaves empirically used to reduce fever due to its content of flavonoids. This study aimed to examine the antipyretic effect of soursop leaves extract (Annona muricata L.) on rats (Rattus norvegicus). This was an experimental research with pretest and posttest design with a control group. Soursop leaves extracted by maceration method using ethanol to produced a viscous extract. White rats were divided into 3 groups, each group consists of 5 rats. The body temperature of rats was measured as the initial temperature (t₀). Rats then induced with 10% peptone to increase body temperature and then measured (t_n). Group I was treated with soursop leaves extract, the second group was given paracetamol suspension as the positive control and the third group was given Na CMC as the negative control. The body temperature of rats measured at hours 1, 2, 3 and 4 (t₁, t₂, t_3, and t₄). Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA tests with a significance level of 0.05. The result showed a significant value 0.000<0.05, so it can be concluded that the soursop leaves extract (Annona muricata L.) has the antipyretic effect on rats (Rattus norvegicus). Further studies need to explore such a study of the side effect and toxic effect of the soursop leaves.

Biography:

Temel Ozek has graduated as a Chemical Engineer and did two MSc degrees; one in Chemical Engineering and second in Pharmacy and also completed his PhD in Chemical Engineering. His interest areas are MAP distillation and extraction techniques for laboratory and industrial scale (SFE-CO₂, MW etc.), sophisticated analytical techniques (MD-GC/MS, UPC² and NMR etc.) and designs of commercial scale distillation and extraction systems. He has published more than 185 papers and was an Editor of RNP/Essential Oils. Presently, he is the Director of Medicinal Plant, Drug and Scientific Research Center.

Abstract:

Isolation and characterization of known or unknown bioactive compounds from complex mixtures have always been important challenge for researchers. Preparative fractionation of compounds is one of the most widely discussed applications in essential oil studies. In scope of ongoing research projects, mono-, sesqui- and diterpenes were precisely separated by using preparative gas chromatography (Prep-GC) technique from different essential oils with a high purity (>95%). In this context, the compounds such as limonen-10-al (monoterpene) from the aerial part oil of Dracocephalum moldavicum, suberosin (sesquiterpene) and 3,7(11)-eudesmadien-2-one (sesquiterpene ketone) from the fruit oil of Prangos pabularia and the leaf oil of P. heyniae respectively, 11-hydroxy-2,4-cycloeudesmane (juglaterpene) from the leaf oil of Juglans regia, 4-acetoxymethy-2-[(5-methyl-1-methylene)-hex-4-enyl]-1-methyl-1-4-methy-pent-3-enyl)-cyclobutane (diterpene) from the fruit oil of Ammi visnaga and cis- and trans-artemidin (isocoumarin) from the aerial part of oil of Crinitaria tatarica have been successfully isolated and identified by using different spectroscopic techniques (NMR, MS, IR etc.). In similar way, enantiomeric separations were also performed for (+)-carvone from Anethum graveolens, (+)-piperitone from Mentha pulegium, (+)-pulegone from Ziziphora bungeana, (+)-linalool from Nepeta italica, (-)-linalool from Ocimum basilicum, (-)-menthol from Mentha piperita and (-)-β-pinene from Achillea grandifolia essential oils by using different chiral GC columns.

Biography:

Ming-Kuem Lin has completed his Ph.D. from National Chung-Hsing University and postdoctoral studies from University of California in Davis. He has published more than 25 papers in peer-reviewed journals.

Abstract:

Scutellaria baicalensis (HuánÉ¡-Qín) is a common herb in traditional Chinese medicine. Previous studies showed that extract from S. baicalensis has antimicrobial, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the active immune modulating compounds in S. baicalensis still remain unknown. In this study, four flavone compounds FL2, FL4, FL5, and FL7 were purified from S. baicalensis and used to examine their immune-modulatory effect using the LPS-induced dendritic cell-based model in vitro and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced contact hypersensitivity response mouse model in vivo. We found that TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12p70 secretion by dendritic cells were suppressed by FL2, FL4, and FL5. Expressions of surface marker CD80, CD86, and MHC II on dendritic cells were reduced by FL2 and FL5, which also showed non-cytotoxic activity. Furthermore, ear thickness and CD3⁺ cell number of the tested ears of the experimental mice were significantly decreased by applying 50 mg of FL2. These results showed that flavones FL2 and FL5 from S. baicalensis has an immunosuppressive effect on dendritic cells. In vitro dendritic cells maturation and in vivo delayed type hypersensitivity response were both inhibited by FL2, indicating that FL2 has a potent capability to treat hyper-inflammatory and dendritic cell-associated immune disorders.

Biography:

Elisabeth Natalia Barung was born in Tana Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia on December 25th, 1967. She completed bachelor degree on Pharmacy Dept. Hasanuddin University and a master degree on Faculty of Medicine at Gadjah Mada University in 2002. She is lecturer in Pharmacy Department, Health Polytechnic Manado since 2003 and do research in the fields of pharmaceuticals and pharmacology, especially of traditional medicine and medicinal dosage formulations. Several studies have been published in last 5 years either through journals or by oral / poster at the national and international seminar, including preparation of medicines and cosmetics formulation from natural materials and examine its pharmacological effects.

Abstract:

Erythrina lithosperma Miq. leaves have been used as a traditional medicine to reduce fever. This study aimed to examine the antipyretic effect of Erythrina lithosperma Miq. leaves infusion on rats (Rattus norvegicus). This was a laboratory research with Pre and Post Test With Control Group design. The sample used was Erythrina lithosperma Miq.. leaves. Rats were febrile by injecting 20% ​​peptone solution intraperitoneally and expressed fever if the temperature rise was 1.5 °C from the initial temperature. The test was performed on selected white rats of 15 rats divided into 3 treatment groups: negative control group, positive control group, and Erythrina lithosperma Miq. leaves infusion group in which each group consisted of 5 rats. Temperature measurement was taken every 1 hour for 4 hours (t1, t2, t3, t4) after treatment. The data of rats body temperature  analyzed descriptively and statistically by One Way Anova test. The results showed that Erythrina lithosperma Miq. leaves infusion had antipyretic effect on white rat (Rattus norvegicus) although not statistically significant. 

Biography:

Selfie Petronela Joice Ulaen, was born on 01 Sptember 1973 in Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Completing secondary education at the School of Pharmacy Manado 1992, Graduate Program in Manado State University science degree in Educational Administration and Teaching Certificate IV in 2001, and the Indonesian Christian University in Tomohon in the field of Pharmacy in 2009. Master's Degree Programme in the field of Public Health at the University Samratulangi Manado 2004.

Member of the Senate Health Polytechnic Manado in 2004 till now, Head of Department/Prodi Pharmacy Health Polytechnic Manado in 2010 until now.

In February 2015, she attended an international seminar materials Pharmaceutical Products nature with a poster presentation at Makassar South Sulawesi Indonesia. In March 2016, she attended an international seminar Pharmacy, with poster presentation at the Central Sulawesi Indonesia. In November 2016, she attended an International Seminar Pharmacy, with a poster presentation in Bandung, West Java Indonesia.

Abstract:

Papaya is known as a multipurpose plant for almost all the plants useful to humans, one of which is the papaya seeds are used as medicine roundworms, indigestion, diarrhea, skin diseases, male contraception, and raw materials into the wind. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and the effect of different concentrations of 1%, 3% and 5% ethanol extract of papaya seeds in inhibiting the growth of bacteria Escherichia coli.

The study was a laboratory experiment with post-test design with control group. The research sample using black papaya seeds from the village Tompaso II District Tompaso Minahasa North Sulawesi Province. The ethanol extract of papaya seeds obtained from the maceration of 50 grams of dried papaya seeds powder using ethanol 70%, then made a test solution of each concentration of 1%, 3% and 5%. Test of inhibition is done by using a paper disc soaked at each concentration, and then placed on a nutrient agar which had been inoculated with the bacterium Escherichia coli, and then incubated in an incubator at a temperature of 37⁰C for 1 x 24 hours, 2 x 24 hours and 3 x 24 h and the diameter of clear zone formed was measured using a scale ruler mm. The data were analyzed descriptively continued with One Way Anova.

The results showed difference in the effectiveness and influence of the concentration of 1%, 3% and 5% ethanol extract of papaya seeds in inhibiting the growth of bacteria Escherichia coli.

Biography:

Dr. John Thomas completed his Ph.D in 2011 from Thruvalluvar University, Vellore Tamil Nadu, India. He was  awarded the Young Scientist  Award by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt of India in the year 2013.   He is currently working as an Assistant Prof in Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore. He has published more than 25 papers in peer reviewed international journals. He has also 2 patents to his credit and two book chapters

Abstract:

Vibrio species are the most prevalent pathogens in the aquatic ecosystem. It causes huge mortality. V. anguillarum and V. vulnificus exhibit extensive virulence in marisne vertebrates or invertebrates.  Vibrios remain prominently opportunistic but none the less they are largely primary and secondary pathogenic invaders of shrimps present in farms across the globe.  This study aims at identifying the pathogenicity of V. angullarium species in n Macrobrachium rosenbergii and developing an effective treatment against the infection.  The pathogenecity of M. rosenbergii to V. anguillarum was confirmed by intramuscular injection. The clinical symptoms such as lethargy, redish  and green colouration on the body surface were observed.   The highest concentration of V.angularium caused 100% mortality within 98 hrs of post inoculation  when injected intramuscularly. However  the lower concentrations of V. angularium  caused 45% and 40% mortality, after 120 and 96 h of post injection respectively. The LD₅₀ value of V. angularium for intramuscular route was found to be   2.4 × 10^-4 at 120 hrs of post injection. The present study revealed that 25µl of  ethanolic extract of  Ocimum tenuiflorum was effective in treating the infection. This can be incorporated in to the feed and used for for treating the infection as an alternative to antibiotics. Resistance to the antimicrobial agents used in aquaculture has increased in many countries in recent years.  Medicinal plants are potential and promising sources of pharmaceutical agents against pathogens in aquaculture. 

Biography:

Mr. Jadhav U.S.  has completed his M.Pharm in year 2006  from Bharati Vidyapeeth deemed University Pune, Maharashtra India .He has 10 years of experience in the field of research and academic, he specialized in phytochemical screening, isolation and chemical  analysis  of medicinal plants and ayurvedic formulations. He has well versed with Standardization of herbal drugs and Raw materials, Natural Compounds Isolation, Separation, Purification Identification, and Chromatographic Profiling of plant derived compounds, stability studies of herbal drugs.  He is Expertise in handling sophisticated instruments such as HPTLC, GC, FTIR, GC/ MS, HPLC, and Spectrophotometer. He is Very much interested in the isolation of active phyto constituents and screening of biological activities. Mr.Jadhav Worked under various research projects as an assistant research fellow funded by DBT, DST New Delhi. 

Abstract:

The role of herbal as drugs, neutraceuticals and dietary supplements is gaining popularity. There have been several examples of poor quality of this products.The formulation and development of botanicals is challenging due to their complex physical and chemical properties. Stability study of herbal is important as instability modifies three important attributes of product i.e. quality, safety and efficacy. Botanicals mentioned under Ayurveda are receiving attention globally. Scientifically validated and technologically standardized botanicals are currently needed for global market. Emblica officinalis is mentioned under Ayurveda as a Rasayana drug and is present in many formulations. In recent years, much success has been obtained in documentation, ensuring contaminants limits, safety and standardization. However, the stability testing has not been adequately addressed. The present study was done as per W.H.O and ICH guidance with the following objectives.

Objectives:

1. To develop the analytical method for Gallic acid estimation using HPTLC and validation as per ICH guidelines. 2. To elucidate the physical, chemical, pharmaceutical and biological attributes of the Amla extract with respect to real and accelerated storage conditions.3.To establish shelf life of spray dried amla extract with respect to storage conditions and retest periods.

Methodology:

Mobile phase optimization: Mobile phase consisting of toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid: in ratio of (4.0: 5.5: 0.5, v/v/v/v) was optimized and good resolution with R_f value of 0.36 ± 0.02 for Gallic acid was obtained when densitometry scanning was performed at 277 nm.

Method validation: The optimized method validated as per ICH guidelines. 

Results:

Pharmaceutical properties were measured i.e. particle size and flow, extract showed poor free flowing properties and very moisture sensitive. It showed significant change in physical (moisture content 4%-7% at real with respect to 4 % -11% at accelerated) Significant change in form was also observed at real time (clumps) and accelerated (cake) at end of six months.

 In conclusion, extract when stored at real time showed significant change in physical (moisture content, form) and chemical (peak areas at Rf 0.47) and pharmaceutical (flow and compressibility) properties on 6 months storage. In accelerated conditions, these changes were seen at 1-3 months of storage. Biological stability of extract was studied using DPPH assay.

Conclusion: No significant change in activity was found at 6 months storage at room and accelerated storage This suggests that extract retest period should be within 6 months and proper storage conditions needs to be optimized with respect to container and temperature

Biography:

Dilip Ghosh has received his PhD in Biomedical Science from University of Calcutta, India. Previously, he held positions in Organon (India) Ltd.; HortResearch, New Zealand; USDA-ARS, HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston; The Smart Foods Centre, & Neptune Bio-Innovation Pty. Ltd., Australia. He is an international speaker, facilitator and author. He is a fellow of American College of Nutrition, professional member of AIFST, and also he is the Editorial Board Member of several journals. He has published more than 70 papers in peer reviewed journals, numerous articles in food and nutrition magazines and 4 books under CRC Press, USA.

Abstract:

The brain is a complex organ that neuroscientists are still attempting to understand. As people live longer, dysfunction of the brain is becoming a predominant issue for the healthcare system. Cognitive decline, particularly in elderly people, often derives from the interaction between age-related changes and age-related diseases, and covers a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Epidemiological evidence supports the hypothesis that modifiable lifestyle-related factors are associated with cognitive decline, opening new avenues. Due to the multifactorial nature, the role of nutrition in cognitive neuroscience is complex. The concern is not simply with the impact of a single chemical on the brain but with multiple nutrients, metabolites and interacting factors. Numerous nutraceutical combinations have entered the international market through exploration of ethno-pharmacological claims made by different traditional practices without robust quality, safety and efficacy proof. The role of clinically proven natural products in brain health is urgently needed and few products have addressed this need. KeenMind^®™ (www.keenmind.info), a standardised extract (CDRI08) made from an Indian Ayurvedic herb, Bacopa monnieri, with numerous randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies demonstrates benefits for enhancing memory retention and recall, improving mental clarity and focus, as well as assisting learning, concentration and attention. KeenMind is very useful to facilitate learning and concentration, particularly in children and students. Two ongoing RCT studies in Australia explore the effect of KeenMind in modulating brain ageing, cardiovascular system, improving cognition in the elderly and ameliorating the symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity in children. This can be used for mature and elderly individuals to aid memory and reduce decline in mental performance. KeenMind supplementation can be an ideal choice for those with intellectually demanding jobs or those who are under pressure.

• KeenMind is a clinically proven natural medicines supported by 6 RCTs
• Complete seed to patient journey is standardized
• KeenMind is the result of over 40 years of research
• KeenMind is well tolerated and no effect on stomach
• Presence globally

Biography:

Prue Kearney is completing the final submission of her PhD thesis at the age of 30 years from The University of Queensland. She has published a paper in Veterinary Parasitology, a key journal of her field of research. She has trained delegates from Malaysia in techniques and methodologies for the management of intestinal parasites as a component of strategical goat farm management in developing farming systems. She has spent seven years as an academic at The University of Queensland teaching the next generation of students goat husbandry, parasitology and health management

Abstract:

The discovery of anti-parasitic benefits of olive leaf for goats infected with intestinal parasites: olive leaf was screened for anti-parasitic activity to a major intestinal nematode that infects goats, often causing mortality, Haemonchus contortus. Intestinal parasites are arguably the biggest constraint to goat production internationally. Chemcial drugs are no longer the sustainable solution to controlling nematode infections due to drug resistance. Instead management plans are recommended to be tailor-made to individual goat farms utilizing the toolbox of strategies available. The use of plants and their medicinal compounds is an important component of this toolbox. Olive leaf extract was isolated as a novel plant for screening against goat nematodes, having shown medicinal activity in human medicine. The use of in vitro bioassays determined anti-parasitic activity to the larval stages of H. contortus. Consequently, during a preference test research trial, goats were offered a choice between olive leaf and wheaten chaffs. The goats exhibited an ability to learn the anti-parasitic ability of olive leaf. They increased their consumption of olive leaf in response to infection with H. contortus. They decreased their consumption of olive leaf following the termination of infection. This evidence of self-medication is valuable to goat farmers, particularly to those seeking to make use of the pharmacological capabilities of plants and highlights there remains much to discover in natures pharmacy. As more plants are screened, those endemic to particular regions can be isolated for anti-parasitic benefits and incorporated as a sustainable worm management strategy for goat farmers.

Biography:

Cikra is the director of academic in Academy of Pharmacy Mitra Sehat Mandiri, concern in Biology of Pharmacy research and have a community herbalism in Java Island.

Abstract:

Tin Fruit (Ficus carica) is one of famous fruit in Indonesia. The antibacterial and citotoxicity test of pure compounds of Ficus carica, which was collected from Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia have been done.  Isolation and purification of the crude extracts and the pure compounds were carried out using several chromatographic techniques.  The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods such as UV, IR, 1D (¹H, ¹³C, DEPT) and 2D (COSY, HMQC, HMBC) NMR and MS. Four compounds, identified as β-sitosterol (1), 6-(2- methoxy-Z-vinyl)-7-methyl-pyranocoumarin (2) and 9,19- cycloarlane triterpenoid (3) were isolated from this plant. These compounds were screened for their antibacterial and cytotoxicity activities. The significant antibacterial activity were shown by compounds and against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis bacteria also Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium murinum in high concentration. Meanwhile, the screening for cytotoxicity using SRB assay on MCF-7, SKOV3, HT-29 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines for these compounds revealed the percentage of cells survival at doses 15 μg/ml were higher than 50 %.

Biography:

Ishmih Nurul Roudhoh Usman (20th) is an undergraduated student from Faculty of Pharmacy, University Moeslim Indonesia. She is one of lecturer assistant in Phytochemistry Laboratory in University Moeslim Indonesia. This paper is her second article wich have been worked up with DIKTI (Ministry of Research Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia). 

Abstract:

Diabetes is the world's oldest diseases, diabetes is associated with the metabolism of glucose in the blood. Medically, the notion of diabetes mellitus aspect extends to a series of symptoms that arise in a person caused by an increase in blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) due to lack of insulin. The development of diabetes mellitus treatment has been done, one of them is the use of natural materials and the development of traditional medicine that is more minimal side effects as antidiabetic drugs through the mechanism of inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme and antioxidant (DPPH radical reduction). One of the local plants (endemic) that can be developed as an antidiabetic drug candidate is Cemba plants (Acacia rugata (Lam.) Fawc. Rendle).
Cemba (Acacia rugata (Lam.) Fawc. Rendle) one of the rare and endemic plants in South Sulawesi precisely in Enrekang. Community Enrekang leaves Cemba (Acacia rugata (Lam.) Fawc. Rendle) is used as an herb that is also believed to neutralize the fat from the meat so it does not cause hypertension and cholesterol, so that the potential of this plant is very large for the treatment of hypertension or hyperglycemia (diabetes mellitus),This research is expected to help determine the biological activity of methanol extract of leaves Cemba (Acacia rugata (Lam.) Fawc. Rendle) as an antidiabetic and the mechanism through inhibition of α-glucosidase enzymes and antioxidants.

Biography:

Dr Joyce Govinden Soulange has completed her PhD from the University of Mauritius and postdoctoral studies from University of Liege, Belgium. She is presently an Associate Professor in Biotechnology at the University of Mauritius and is currently supervising four doctoral students in the area of Natural Products Research . She has authored more that 30 publications in the field of Medicinal Plant Research. 

Abstract:

Mauritius Island is endowed with a rich and diverse endemic flora comprising 315 endemic plants species most of which are known in the traditional pharmacopoeia. Although, the endemic floristic wealth of Mauritius represents a reservoir of new biologically active ingredients most species have not been scientifically validated for their bioactivities. Sideroxylon species and Diosyros species have been traditionally used for the treatment of microbial infections and minor ailments. The present study describes the phytomedicinal profile of these species and their bioactivity are unveiled through their antioxidant and antibacterial assays. Diospyros chrysophyllos exhibited the highest amount of phenolics (221 mg galllic acid equivalent /g and Diospyros boutoniana exhibited strong reducing power (946.22 mmol Fe2+/g extract). Promising antibacterial activity was noted with Sideroxylon puberulum and D. boutoniana (minimum inhibitory concentration of 39.06 and 78.125mg/ml) respectively. These results endorse the phytochemical and bioactive richness of Disopyros species endemic to Mauritius and reveal their potential for pharmacological exploitation. The genetic diversity of selected Sideroxylon species is also described to endorse their uniqueness as Mauritian endemic bioresources, as result we noted that the Mauritian endemic Sideroxylon species are genetically related to Argan oil tree.

Biography:

Dr. Raphael N. Alolga holds a PhD in Pharmacognosy from the China Pharmaceutical University. He obtained both his Bachelor of Pharmacy and Master of Science degrees in Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Control from the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana, West Africa. His research interests include Pharmacokinetic investigations, Quality evaluations and Standardization of herbal medicines (Analytical and Pharmacological), Microbiomics, Metabolomics etc. He is currently an Assistant Professor of Pharmacognosy at the China Pharmaceutical University. He has several publications to his credit in reputed scientific journals.

Abstract:

Berberine is one of the world’s most widely used natural products. It has gained recognition as a drug in many Asian and African countries, and also as a dietary supplement in many other countries. However, pharmacokinetic (PK) comparisons of berberine in different racial/ethnic groups are lacking. Our study compared the PK differences of berberine in 20 healthy male Africans and Chinese and investigated the possible underlying mechanisms for the racial differences. The plasma levels of berberine after oral administration were monitored for 12 hours by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. The C_max and AUC in the Africans were 2.67- and 2.0-fold higher than the Chinese respectively. Microbiotal compositions by 16S rRNA pyrosequencing showed higher abundance of the genera Prevotella, Bacteroides, and Megamonas (34.22, 13.88, and 10.68%, respectively) in the Chinese than the Africans (30.08, 9.43, and 0.48%, respectively). Scatter plot showed a strong negative correlation between the microbiotal abundance and the berberine AUC, especially for the genus Prevotella (r = -0.813) and its species.  To confirm the effects of microbiota on the PK of berberine, we compared the metabolic capacities of microbiota between the two races. A more extensive metabolism was observed in Chinese with 1.83-fold higher metabolites, possibly contributing to the lower AUC than the Africans. In conclusion, significant PK differences were observed between Africans and Chinese, which is partly attributable to variations in gut microbiota and its corresponding metabolic capacity. Our findings are of clinical significance in the design of individualized dosage regimen based on differential microbiotal compositions.

Biography:

Professor Azza El-Medany has completed her PhD at age of 32 years from Alexandria University and postdoctoral studies from Alexandria University College of Medicine. She is a Prof. of pharmacology &Vice head of department of pharmacology, College of Medicine , KSU. She published more than 40 papers in the areas of GIT, CVS, Natural products & toxicological researches in reputed journals and serving as a memberships of a number of Professional Bodies, was a speaker in a number of international conferences, the last ones in Singapore , Japan , Brazil & USA, Malysia . She is a recipient of special awards in scientific research & teaching

Abstract:

The limited ability of current treatments to control metastasis and the proposed antitumor pracurcumin , the active ingredient from the spice turmeric on the development of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) –induced mammary tumors in female rats. A thirty female rats were divided into normal control (10rats ) . Carcinogenic rats ( 20 rats) in which a single I.P. dose of MNU 50mg/kg was injected. Two weeks after the rats divided into two groups each of 10 rats. Control carcinogenic rats & treated group with curcumin in a dose of 160mg/kg orally daily . After 24 weeks the rats were killed tumors excised & processed. Curcumin reduced the incidence of MNU- induced mammary tumors & tumor,s numbers by 58.2% & tumor burden by 50.5%. The tumor weights/rat was decreased by 35% .In addition 40% of carcinogenic rats developed ulcerated tumors, in contrast to 10% in treated rats. Curcumin significantly elevated GSH & reduced the elevations of MDA, TNF-α, TGF-β& COX2 in mammary carcinomatous tissues. In addition , curcumin tended to normalize back the histological changes retrieved in carcinomatous cells induced by MNU. These findings suggest that that curcumin significantly reduced the incidence & growth of MNU-induced mammary tumors & has strong potential therapeutic regimen for inhibiting & treating cancer breast.

Biography:

Govindasamy Agoramoorthy is Distinguished Research Professor at College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Taiwan. His research includes multidisciplinary aspects of health sciences. He has carried out field research in Asia, Africa, and South America over three decades. He serves in the advisory board of several international agencies and academic journals. Between 1989 and 1993, he served as Visiting Scientist at Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. He is currently serving as Research Advisor at SVYASA Yoga University in India. Professor Agoramoorthy authored 25 books, 60 book chapters, and 250 scientific articles in peer-reviewed journals with impact factor. 

Abstract:

India has a vast coast line covering over 7,500 km and numerous plants occur along the coastal region. The coastal plants usually include the mangroves and halophytes and they are found in salty coastal habitats. Some of the coastal plants are widely used to treat a wide range of human diseases inflicted by bacteria, fungi and virus. This study analyzed the antioxidant potentials in the commonly-occurring salt-tolerant plants along the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu state, southern India. We analyzed 13 plants that include Arthrocnemum indicum, Suaeda monoica, S. maritima, Sesuvium portulacastrum, Ipomoea pes-caprae, Avicennia officinalis, Bruguiera cylindrica, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, Aegiceras corniculatum, Excoecaria agallocha and Acanthus ilicifolius and determined the total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. The total polyphenol content ranged from 23.5 to 384.2 mg/g dry weight and the highest free radical scavenging activity was found in E. agallocha (30.3 μg/mL). Moreover, higher DPPH radical scavenging activity was also found in species such as B. cylindrica (42.9 μg/mL), C. decandra (51.9 μg/mL), R. apiculata (64.9 μg/mL), A. corniculatum (74.3 μg/mL), R. mucronata (79.7 μg/ mL) and I. pes-caprae (83.7 μg/mL), respectively. The results indicate that India's mangrove plants have the potential in scavenging free radicals and can be a vital source of antioxidant phytochemicals.

Biography:

Dr. Sharad Srivastava is Principal Scientist in Pharmacognosy Division at CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute; Lucknow, INDIA. He has made significant contributions to quality control of crude drugs/products, chemotaxonomy, bio-prospection and natural product development and have developed quality parameters of single crude drugs (more than 70 medicinal plants) and also identified biomarkers for their quality control. He has contributed 30 monographs of single herbal drugs in Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. He has 125 publications in peer reviewed journals, 16 patents and developed some technologies/formulations, few has already been transferred to industry.

Abstract:

Accurate plant identification and right quality plant material from best location of different phyto-geographical zones is the foundation of effective usage of plant based natural health products in pharmaceutical industry. Herbal drug technology is used for converting botanical materials into medicines, where standardization and quality control with proper integration of modern scientific techniques and traditional knowledge is important. The use of chromatographic techniques and marker compounds to standardize botanical preparations has proven industrial usage for commercial exploitation of medicinal diversity, their variable sources and chemical complexity. This has huge opportunity in the area of drug development and discovery, where variation in metabolite content plays an important role. A Chemotypic fingerprinting and related technique provides an optimal characterization of botanical materials. This present contribution provides an overview and a brief account of various such studies conducted that are useful in identifying best location of right material from different phyto-geographical zones of India.

Biography:

Professor Azza El-Medany has completed her PhD at age of 32 years from Alexandria University and postdoctoral studies from Alexandria University College of Medicine. She is a Prof. of pharmacology &Vice head of department of pharmacology, College of Medicine , KSU. She published more than 40 papers in the areas of GIT, CVS, Natural products & toxicological researches in reputed journals and serving as a memberships of a number of Professional Bodies, was a speaker in a number of international conferences, the last ones in Singapore , Japan , Brazil & USA, Malysia . She is a recipient of special awards in scientific research & teaching.

Abstract:

Green tea , is a beverage that is popular worldwide. Polyphenols in green tea have been receiving attention for the maintenance of human health . The contribution of antioxidant activity in preventing diseases caused by oxidative stress has been focused upon. Lung fibrosis is a common side effect of the chemotherapeutic agent, bleomycin. Current evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species may play a key role in the development of lung fibrosis. The present work studied the effect of green tea extract on bleomycin–induced lung fibrosis in rats. Animals were divided into three groups: (1) Saline control group; (2) bleomycin group in which rats were injected with bleomycin (15mg/kg,i.p.) three times a week for four weeks; (3) bleomycin and green tea group in which green tea extract was given to rats (100mg/kg/day, p.o) a week prior to bleomycin and daily during bleomycin injections for 4 weeks until the end of the experiment. Bleomycin–induced pulmonary injury and lung fibrosis that was indicated by increased lung hydroxyproline content, elevated nitric oxide synthase, myeoloperoxidase (MPO), platelet activating factor (PAF), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF_α ), transforming growth factor 1β ( TGF1β ) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in lung tissues. On the other hand, bleomycin induced a reduction in reduced glutathione concentration (GSH). Moreover, bleomycin resulted in a severe histological changes in lung tissues revealed as lymphocytes and neutrophils infiltration, increased collagen deposition and fibrosis. Co-administration of bleomycin and green tea extract reduced bleomycin–induced lung injury as evaluated by the significant reduction in hydroxyproline content, nitric oxide synthase activity, levels of MPO, PAF & TNF-α & ACE in lung tissues. Furthermore. green tea extract ameliorated bleomycin– induced reduction in GSH concentration. Finally, histological evidences supported the ability of green tea extract to attenuate bleomycin–induced lung fibrosis and consolidation. Thus, the finding of the present study provide that green tea may serve as a novel target for potential therapeutic treatment of lung fibrosis.

Biography:

Ms. Ankita Misra is working as a Research Associate in Pharmacognosy Division at CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute; Lucknow, INDIA. She is working in the area of analytical chemistry on medicinal plants, chemotaxonomy, bio-prospection and natural product development, handling major analytical instruments including HPLC, HPTLC, OPLC and column chromatography for quality control of herbal drugs. She has 18 publications in peer reviewed journals and 1 patent is also to her credit.

Abstract:

G. superba L., (Colchicaceae) is a highly valued medicinal plant due to its high colchicine content, used in both traditional and modern system of medicine. Colchicine, a major chemical marker in this species and the content varies from 0.7 to 0.9 %. The present study aims for HPTLC quantification (% dry wt.) of alkaloid (colchicine and gloriosine) and poly phenolic markers (kaempferol and quercetin) in G. superba through validated method. The  antioxidant potential of test extract(s) was evaluated and further correlated with its metabolites content. 17 germplasm was collected from different sites, morphotypic variation was not observed within them although the content of bioactive metabolites varies significantly. Maximum content of colchicine and gloriosine was reported in NBG-10 (Kanth, U.P) and NBG- 11 (Mohanlalganj, U.P) having 0.513 and 0.165% which was not reported earlier in Indian population. Quercetin and kaempferol content varies from 0.0007 to 0.122 % and 0.005 to 0.075 %, maximum is reported in NBG-13 (Bheragha, M.P) germplasm. Polyphenolics in test extract(s) reflect the promising antioxidant activity with significant correlation to TPC and TFC. Hence, seven germplasm were found as elite chemotypes of G. superba (NBG-1, NBG-10, NBG-11, NBG-12, NBG-13, NBG-14 and NBG-17) in the targeted phyto-geography based on bioactive metabolites and in vitro bioassay. This aids in identification of chemical variation existing within the species inhabiting in the same phytogeographic conditions, to locate the high yielding germplasm source and for promotion of commercial cultivation to meet out industrial demand. 

Biography:

Dr. Sunita Shailajan is Head, Department of Botany, Incharge, Herbal Research Lab and Animal Testing Centre at Ramnarain Ruia College affiliated to University of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Her specialization is standardization of medicinal plants and ASU formulations, instrumentation (HPTLC and HPLC), analytical and bioanalytical method validation and toxicological, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic studies. She has more than 100 scientific publications and made presentations in various National and International conferences in India and overseas. She has been working as a Principal Investigator for Government funded projects and has been appointed as a reviewer for various National and International high repute journals.

Abstract:

Biography:

Ikpefan Emmanuel Oise is currently in the last phase of his Ph.D research work at the University of Benin, Benin City,Nigeria and he is currently a lecturer in the Department of Pharmacognosy &Traditional Medicine, Delta State University, Abraka where he has been acting as the coordinator of the department since 2014. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Bioassay guided fractionation of the methanol extract of  Euphorbia graminea against  breast cancer (MCF-7), lung cancer (NCI-H460) and NIH 3T3 (mouse embryonic fibroblast normal cell line) at 1-250 µg/mL was carried out. Extracts of E. graminea was partitioned into aqueous and chloroform fractions and both fractions were tested for their effects on MCF-7 and NCI-H460. Further chromatographic and biological studies of the active chloroform fraction yielded a compound whose identity was revealed as Abietane-11, 23 diene-16-oic-14-ones through NMR and MS studies. This compound was observed to give –3.3 ± 1.4 and –5.30 ± 3.75 % cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and NCI-H460 at 100 µM with GI₅₀ and TGI of +38 ± 0.74, 96.94±6.95 µM and 53.70±9.30 and 93.88± 11.70 µM respectively. The results has established the rationale for the use in  ethnomedicinal practice.

Biography:

Dr. Rambir Singh completed his Ph.D. in Biomedical Sciences from University of Delhi, India in 2004. After completing Ph.D., he joined Bundelkhand University, Jhansi Uttar Pradesh, India as Assistant Professor in Biochemistry where currently he is working as Associate Professor in Biomedical Sciences. He is teaching metabolomics and metabolic disorders, biochemical techniques and natural plant product based drug discovery at undergraduate and postgraduate level. He is working in the research area of ‘Bioactive molecules from Ayurvedic medicinal plants, Health effects of Probiotics and Amelioration of xenobiotc induced toxicity. Currently his research focus is on Antidiabetic, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant activity of medicinal plants and probiotics

Abstract:

Carissa carandas (CC) has been documented as a traditional treatment for diabetes. In the present study, the CC fruit aqueous, methanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts were examined for hypoglycemic activity in healthy Wistar rats. Aqueous Extract of CC (AECC) showed highest fall of 67.08% in fasting blood glucose from 0 to 1h in glucose tolerance test (GTT). The ED₅₀ of AECC was 300mg/kgbw in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Treatment of diabetic rats with ED₅₀ of AECC for 28 days significantly reduced post prandial glucose (PPG) by 33.65% (p<0.01), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by 45.79% (p<0.01) and increased insulin level by 69.7% (p<0.05). The increase in insulin secretion may be partly responsible for antidiabetic effect of AECC. To assess the mechanism of secretagogues activity, AECC was incubated with isolated pancreatic islets of Wistar rats at basal (3.3mM) and high (16.7mM) level of glucose in presence or absence of Diazoxide (K-ATP channel opener), Nimodipine (Ca²⁺ Channel blocker) and Calphostin-C (PKC inhibitor). AECC induced insulin secretion at 16.7mM of glucose was significantly (p<0.01) reduced by Diazoxide and Nimodipine but non significantly (p>0.05) by Calphostin-C. The study indicated that the phytochemicals present in AECC may be inducing insulin secretion by closing K-ATP channels in β-cells of pancreatic islets.

Biography:

Mayuresh Joshi has been pursuing Ph.D in Botany under the guidance of Dr. Sunita Shailajan, HOD, Department of Botany, Ramnarain Ruia College. He is working on evidence based evaluation of hepatoprotective potential of the mangrove, Avicennia marina. He has attended/ presented more than thirty conferences/ seminars/ workshops in the last four years and has published four papers in peer reviewed Journals. He is also an assistant professor at Department of Botany, Ramnarain Ruia College.

Abstract:

Avicennia marina, a pioneering mangrove, reported to be traditionally used against hepatitis, still remains therapeutically unexploited. Investigators have reported several constituents from the plant with prospective medicinal value as chemotherapeutic agents like betulinic acid, taraxerol, etc, but scientific data on its pharmacological usage remains unavailable. Many phytoconstituents found present in this plant have been reported to possess hepatoprotective activity.

In this study, hepatoprotective activity of standardized ethyl acetate extract of leaves has been evaluated. Chromatographic standardization was carried out using validated HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation of five biomarkers namely betulin, betulinic acid, ursolic acid, betasitosterol and lupeol. Safety was established in albino Wistar rats following the OECD guidelines no. 420. Hepatoprotective activity (50, 150 and 300 mg/kg) was investigated in CCl₄ intoxicated albino Wistar rats. The results proved concentration dependent percent protection at par with the positive control, Silybon 70. CCl₄ produced a marked elevation in the level of plasma biomarkers which were reversed to normalcy by the oral administration of the extract. The results of histopathology were also found to be in compliance with the findings of blood biochemistry. The extract also showed potent antioxidant activity in DPPH and galvinoxyl radical scavenging models.

Further, an HPLC method was developed and validated (USFDA) to study the pharmacokinetics of betulinic acid and ursolic acid (C_max at 0.20 h and 2.0 h, respectively) from rat plasma. These observations endorse an overall promising hepatoprotective potential against liver disorders using standardized ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of Avicennia marina.

Biography:

Amsalu Degu Defersha  has completed his MSc  at the age of 24 years from Addis Ababa University. He is the a lecturrers and reseracher  of Ambo University College of Health Sciences.  He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals

Abstract:

Background: Traditional healers in Ethiopia use a wide range of medicinal plants with antidiarrheal properties. Among these, Croton macrostachyus is one such plant claimed to have an antidiarrheal activity in Ethiopian folklore medicine. Previous studies showed that the crude extract is endowed with the claimed property. The present study was undertaken to further the claim by screening different fractions for the said activity so that it could serve as a basis for subsequent studies.

Methods: The fractions were obtained by successive extraction in soxhlet apparatus with solvents of different polarity (chloroform & methanol) followed by cold maceration of the deposit of the methanol fraction with distilled water. The antidiarrheal activity was evaluated using castor oil induced diarrheal model, charcoal meal test and anti-enteropooling test in mice. The test groups received various doses (300, 400, 500 mg/kg and an additional dose of 1000 mg/kg for the aqueous fraction) of the fractions, whereas positive controls received either Loperamide (3 mg/kg) or Atropine (5 mg/kg) and negative controls received vehicle (10 ml/kg).

Results: In the castor oil induced model, the chloroform (at all test doses) and methanol (at 400 & 500 mg/kg) fractions significantly delayed diarrheal onset, decreased stool frequency and weight of feces. The aqueous fraction was however devoid of significant effect at all the tested doses. Chloroform and methanol fractions produced a significant dose dependent decline in the weight and volume of intestinal contents while the aqueous fraction did not have a significant effect. All the fractions produced a significant anti-motility effect either at all doses (chloroform fraction) or at middle and higher doses (methanol and aqueous fractions).

Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the chloroform and methanol fractions possessed significant anti-diarrheal activity. Nevertheless, the aqueous fraction showed only significant anti-motility effect at the higher dose (1000 mg/kg) employed in the study.

Biography:

Aschalew Tamiru work in a clinical trial center in Ethiopia, Leishmaniasis Reseach and Treatment Center in the University of Gondar. He completed his MSC in pharmacology at age of 28 at University of Gondar Ethiopia. Currently he is the head of the pharmacy in the clinical trial center and lecturer at University of Gondar.  He has participated in different clinical trials and have received a certificate of recognition. Moreover, He has recently published his work and 2 papers are under review for publication.  He is having a plan of studying medicinal plants of his birth place Ethiopia and he is interested in studying Ethino-pharmacology.  

Abstract:

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease that is fatal if left untreated. The disease is found in 70 countries with incidence of 0.2 to 0.4 million cases. The mainstay of treatment in resource limited countries is antimonials, while use of liposomal amphotericin B is reserved for treatment of complicated VL. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B in HIV negative VL patients diagnosed with complications.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted involving records of patients admitted between January 2009 and December 2014. Baseline sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment outcome data were collected. The doses of liposomal amphotericin B and adverse events related to treatment were retrieved. Categorical and continuous variables respectively were analyzed by Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.  

Results: A total of 147 patients were treated with liposomal amphotericin B in total dose ranges of 20mg/kg to 35mg/kg. Initial cure rate at high dose (24-35mg/kg total dose) was 96.7% (59/61) versus 80.2% (69/86) at lower doses (<24mg/kg); which was significantly higher (P< 0.01), OR=4.56: 95%, Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.17 – 20.78).  Ten cases (11.8%) of treatment failure occurred in the low dose treatment group. The most common adverse events (AEs) were hypokalemia in 39 cases (26.5%) and infusion related reactions in 16 (10.9%). Hypokalemia and infusion related reactions were not significantly different between the low and high dose liposomal amphotericin B.

Conclusion: In HIV negative complicated VL patients, high dose of liposomal amphotericin B was found to have high cure rate at the end of treatment. Monitoring serum potassium level during treatment with liposomal amphotericin B should be an essential component of the clinical management of VL.     

Biography:

Dr O.M, Ighodaro is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Biochemistry, Lead City University, with research interest in Biochemical Toxicology and Medicinal Plant Research. His research drive is primarily to curtail mortality and health complications that result from herbal toxicity and wrong use of herbs in treatments of ailments/diseases in Africa. He has investigated a number of plants traditionally acclaimed to possess medicinal properties in a bid to appropriately advise and orientate individuals and communities on their proper usage. His ultimate goal is to possibly isolate new drug materials with relatively better therapeutic characteristics and less or allowable side chemistry from natural sources such as plants

Abstract:

The antioxidant potential of Sapium ellipticum (SE) leaf extract against CCl₄-induced reactive species in vivo was examined in adult female Wister rats. Toxicity was induced in the animals via a single intraperitoneal (i.p) dose of CCl₄ (20% 2mL/Kg of body weight, BW). SE extract was orally administered twice daily for 28 days at 8 h interval (400 and 800 mg/kg BW) to different groups of CCl₄-treated animals. Its effects were measured against known antioxidants, Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and L-Ascorbic acid (L-AA). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GP_X) were analyzed in the post mitochondrial fractions (PFM) of the liver and kidney of rats. The level of tissue protein, reduced glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) was also estimated. The data obtained showed that SE elicited its antioxidant functionality mainly through anti-peroxidation effect and promotion of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. The extract significantly (p Ë‚ 0.05) lowered the degree of peroxidation (76.7 %) and improved the activities of superoxide dismutase (51.2 %) and catalase (43.5 %) relative to the CCl₄-untreated group. However, its ability to improve endogenous GSH level as well as GST and GP_x activities was poor. Overall, SE leaf extract appears to have the phyto -proficiency to protect against membrane peroxidation and to improve the functions of some first line antioxidant enzymes in vivo in the face of overwhelming reactive species. This postulation is substantiated by the identification of antioxidant compounds like α-tocopherol, amentoflavone, lupeol and Luteolin-7-O-glucoside in the active fractions of SE through HPLC-MS technique.

Biography:

Prof, Roshanak Salari  has completed her PhD in drug quality control at the age of 28 years from school of pharmacy, Mashhad university of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran. She is the research deputy of School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. She has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals. 

Abstract:

Chronic constipation is one of the most common complaints in clinical assessments. Regarding various problems caused by chronic constipation, numerous treatment methods have been proposed. Traditional and complementary medicine can be used to manage many functional disorders. Persian medicine has considered 15 reasons for constipation. One of the drugs in Persian medicine with laxative effects is Guggulu (Commiphora mukul) resin. Regarding to the supporting approach of World Health Organization to traditional medicine and the increasing popularity of traditional medicines and herbal remedies, the clinical effects of Guggulu on functional constipation is evaluated in this study. This controlled clinical trial study was carried out in outpatients with functional constipation based on the ROME III. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The first group was given oral administration of lactulose syrup daily at a laxative dose for one month, and the second group Guggulu  resin 3 g daily in 3 divided doses for one month. Intensity and frequency of constipation were assessed before, mid and at the end of the intervention period, and one month after termination of intervention. In this study, the effect of Guggulu resin on the intensity and frequency of constipation was investigated. There was no significant difference in the intensity and frequency of constipation between the two groups at baseline (P=0.755). In second week, although constipation severity decreased in both groups, but because of more reduction in control group, the difference between two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). One month after treatment, the difference between two groups was insignificant (P=0.93). In both groups, the severity of constipation, one month after the intervention, increased again. In this time increasing in constipation severity was more in control than intervention group so the difference became significant again (P<0.001). The same pattern was observed in frequency of constipation. This study showed that Guggulu resin can be used as an alternative treatment in chronic functional constipation, although final approval requires further study. 

Biography:

Dr. Imran Waheed has completed his PhD (Pharmacognosy) at the age of 34 years from Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Karachi. He is the first Ph.D in Pharmacognosy ever in the history of Punjab Province, Pakistan. He is excelling his services as Associate Professor and Vice Principal at Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pakistan (Affiliated with University of the Punjab, Pakistan). He has published more than 13 papers in reputed journals. 

Abstract:

Agaricus campestris (A.campestris) and Ballota limbata (B. limbata) have though been reported for a variety of pharmacological activities yet not investigated for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.Crude methanolic extract of A. campestris, in addition to crude extract and fractions of B. limbata were evaluated for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in mice. Four groups of mice were treated with doses (300mg/kg and 500mg/kg) of A. campestris and B. limbata, aspirin (300mg/kg) and vehicle (0.5% normal saline). Analgesic activity was determined by acetic acid-induced writhing and anti-inflammatory activity by 1% formalin in right hind paw of mice. Aspirin (300mg/kg) was used as control. Crude extract of A. campestris showed significant analgesic activity at dose of 300mg/kg (P < 0.05) and 500mg/kg (P < 0.01). Similarly, crude extract and fractions of B. limbata showed highly significant (P < 0.01) analgesic activity on administration of both doses. Crude extracts of A. campestris and B. limbata as well as the fractions of later demonstrated highly pronounced (P < 0.01) anti-inflammatory activity at doses of 300mg/kg and 500mg/kg when compared to aspirin. Hence it is concluded that the extracts of A. campestris and B. limbata and fractions of later possesses analgesic as well as anti-inflammatory action.

Biography:

In 2009, he obtained his doctoral degree in Analytical Chemistry from the University of Agriculture Faisalabad and the University of Ulster Coleraine, UK (Split Program). Availing TWAS-USM Postdoc Fellowship, he completed his one year Post-doctorate research at the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia in 2012. Currently he is working as Associate Professor of Chemistry. He have so far supervising ten PhD, eight MPhil and twenty one MSc students and PI of one research projects funded by the Higher Education Commission (HEC), Islamabad, Pakistan. He has published more than 80 research papers in journals of international repute. 

Abstract:

Bitter apple (Citrullus colocynthis), a member of family Cucurbitaceae, is a high valued medicinal plant, distributed in many tropical and subtropical countries. Bitter apple fruits usually recognized based on their medicinal and nutritional properties especially in Asian countries. Bitter apple fruit has been valued as a nutritious fruit as it provides a good source of fatty acids, protein and minerals elements. As a rich source of functionally important bioactives and therapeutics such as polyphenols, triterpenes, sterols, and glycosides, the fruit has been widely used for the treatment of rheumatism, paronychia, ulcer, malaria, and cardiovascular and degenerative diseases in the native medicine system of Asia. A number of medicinal properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-diarrheal, anti-obesity, anti-ulcer, and anti-inflammatory have been ascribed to this fruit of high economic value. The aim of the present work is to present comprehensive information of the cultivation, nutritional and chemical composition, as well as medicinal and therapeutic properties of this multipurpose fruit, as one of the potential sources of bioactives for functional food and nutraceutical applications.

Biography:

Ashfaq Ahmad Khan completed his Ph.D thesis in 2014 under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Ghiasuddin, University of Peshawar, Pakistan. Besides  this,  He also  worked  at  the  Strathclyde  Institute  of  Pharmacy  and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS) for six months at UK, under the supervision of Prof. Alexander Irvine Gray (Sandy lab) by winning the HEC Scholarship. He also worked for one year with Professor Mingkui Wang in CIBCAS China under TWAS--CAS. As a doctoral fellow at University of Peshawar, He focused on the development of skills and expertise used for the isolation, derivatization and spectral interpretation of secondary metabolites.

Abstract:

Plants are an essential part of human life since the civilization started. Medicinal plants are the boon of nature to cure a number of diseases of human beings. In many parts of the world medicinal plants are used against bacterial, viral and fungal infections. Evaluation of plants bearing efficiency in healing various diseases is growing in recent years. A large number of biologically active compounds of plants are found to possess antibacterial properties. Practitioners of Ayurveda and Unani system of medicine regularly employ a large number of Indian medicinal plants as antibiotic agents and over the last 40 years, intensive efforts have been made to discover clinically used herbal antibacterial and antifungal drugs.

The genus Thymus L. belongs to the family Lamiaceae, and consists of about 215 to 350 species, according to different literature data Thyme oil is among the world’s top 10 essential oils also used as a preservative for food. The Thymus species have aromatic and medicinal properties that have made it one of the most popular herbs among all medicinal plants.

The medicinal importance and bioactivity of Thymus serpyllum prompted us to carry out phytochemical investigations on this species.

Biography:

Abstract:

In view of the world wide prevalence and alarming increase in the antibiotic resistance among multi-resistant clinical bacteria and superbugs , a search for an effective alternate antibacterial natural agent like Honey is urgently required .Honey in the past has occupied a prominent place in traditional medicines throughout world history. The Noble Holy Quran and many Prophetic narrations have also referred honey as a great healer of diseases. Honey was used to treat the infected wounds as long as 2000 years before the bacteria were discovered. Ayurvedic and Unani Medicine have been using honey as a vital medicine for centuries. Presently, Branded Manuka Honey and many commercial products being possessing antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant medicinal properties have now flooded world market and shown to be highly effective for the treatment of many wound infections, burns, sore throat, psoriasis, gastrointestinal disorders, arthritis, eczema, dental carries , stomach aches , flu like symptoms, corneal ulcers.Beside, a number of bacterial & fungal infections are testimony to the natural use of honey in modern era of Medicine. Recently, a large number of workers have explored Honey’s miracles in Ophthalmology , Dentistry, Surgery, Plastic Surgery , Paediatrics , Dermatology ,Gynaecology , and Gastroenterology . A long term in vitro and in vivo researches on antibacterial and curative effects of Honey even on Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus –MRSA from Eye patients in UK along with treatment trials in dry eye syndromes in human beings provides potential prospects and scope of Honey as an alternate antibacterial option in various fields of Medince in future to fight with the most difficult resistant bacterial pathogens.

Biography:

Dilip Ghosh has received his PhD in Biomedical Science from University of Calcutta, India. Previously, he held positions in Organon (India) Ltd.; HortResearch, New Zealand; USDA-ARS, HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston; The Smart Foods Centre, & Neptune Bio-Innovation Pty. Ltd., Australia. He is an international speaker, facilitator and author. He is a fellow of American College of Nutrition, professional member of AIFST, and also he is the Editorial Board Member of several journals. He has published more than 70 papers in peer reviewed journals, numerous articles in food and nutrition magazines and 4 books under CRC Press, USA.

Abstract:

The use natural products and plant based dietary supplements has potential to keep the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome in check. According to a recent survey, over 42 per cent of adults in the United States reported using one or more forms of alternative medicines or dietary supplements Obesity and the metabolic syndrome continue to plague the world at an alarming rate. In recent years it has been reported that obesity and its metabolic complications will cause both substantial socio-economic and physical burden on society. Furthermore, if untreated diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and others more severe conditions will increase. Because weight perturbations are so prevalent and harmful, many different pro-pharmacological approaches have been developed to treat the overweight state and obesity. The use of pharmacological drugs has become a popular means to overcome excess weight. While these drugs generally are effective, severe adverse toxicities may limit their overall usefulness. A nutritional based intervention is being hailed as an inexpensive alternative to the aid weight loss, and weight management.

This presentation will cover:

• Market & product trends
• Marketing & branding hype?
• Consumer’s attitude, and how it pulling new product developments
• Recognize the key growth areas in the functional food and beverage markets and how to capitalise most effectively in weight management
• Evidence-based dietary supplements and nutraceutical
• Regulatory threats
• Moving forward obesity research

Biography:

Dr. Nedhal Al Douri graduated from Baghdad University, faculty of pharmacy and then got PhD in phytochemistry from faculty of pharmacy Nottingham University / U.K. , Worked in college of pharmacy/ Baghdad university as academic staff. In 2000 got diploma in clinical pharmacy from New Zealand and worked in school of pharmacy, Auckland university, NewZealand. Now working in school of pharmacy, Amman Alahliyah university, Jordan. She published about 25 research papers up to date.

Abstract:

The biogenetic conversion between the antimicrobial phytoalexins in the broad bean plant cotyledons, wyerone (I), 11-12- dihydrowyerone ( II)  ,and wyerone epoxide (III)  with their antimicrobial activity has been investigated 

Labeled wyerone and dihydrowyerone were obtained by feeding sodium (2- ¹⁴C) acetate to abiotically CuCl₂- induced Vicia faba cotyledons, and separation by HPLC. 

Results

The results in this study indicated that wyerone epoxide was derived from wyerone, and dihydrowyerone transformed into wyerone epoxide quite efficiently, but the epoxidation  of wyerone to wyerone epoxide appeared to be more important. It is possible that a metabolic grid   existed for these compounds in V. faba.

 ⇒Wyerone ⇒Wyerone epoxide⇒Dihydrowyerone⇒Wyerone epoxide

An      Antibacterial activity

Antibacterial activity of the separated phytoalexins from cotyledons of Vicia faba was screened  against human pathogens ( Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumonia), plant pathogens ( Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens, Pseudomonas syringae, Rhodococcus fascians) and a saprophyte ( Bacillus megaterium) covering Gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. The three phytoalexins showed good antimicrobial activity against Gram positive bacteria while no antimicrobial activity against Gram negative bacteria was exhibited.

Conclusion

 The origin of wyerone biosynthesis in Vicia faba was studied previously (Al-Douri,et al., 1986)  and the conversion of wyerone to wyeron acid has been demonstrated earlier ( Al-Douri, 2014).In the present study the conversion of wyerone into wyerone epoxide using labeled compounds  and the potential rule of these compounds in the biogenetic relationship as well their potential antibacterial activity has  been established.

Biography:

Dr. Nedhal Al Douri graduated from Baghdad University, faculty of pharmacy and then got PhD in phytochemistry from faculty of pharmacy Nottingham University / U.K. , Worked in college of pharmacy/ Baghdad university as academic staff. In 2000 got diploma in clinical pharmacy from New Zealand and worked in school of pharmacy, Auckland university, NewZealand. Now working in school of pharmacy, Amman Alahliyah university, Jordan. She published about 25 research papers up to date.

Abstract:

The biogenetic conversion between the antimicrobial phytoalexins in the broad bean plant cotyledons, wyerone (I), 11-12- dihydrowyerone ( II)  ,and wyerone epoxide (III)  with their antimicrobial activity has been investigated 

Labeled wyerone and dihydrowyerone were obtained by feeding sodium (2- ¹⁴C) acetate to abiotically CuCl₂- induced Vicia faba cotyledons, and separation by HPLC. 

Results

The results in this study indicated that wyerone epoxide was derived from wyerone, and dihydrowyerone transformed into wyerone epoxide quite efficiently, but the epoxidation  of wyerone to wyerone epoxide appeared to be more important. It is possible that a metabolic grid   existed for these compounds in V. faba.

 ⇒Wyerone ⇒Wyerone epoxide⇒Dihydrowyerone⇒Wyerone epoxide

An      Antibacterial activity

Antibacterial activity of the separated phytoalexins from cotyledons of Vicia faba was screened  against human pathogens ( Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumonia), plant pathogens ( Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens, Pseudomonas syringae, Rhodococcus fascians) and a saprophyte ( Bacillus megaterium) covering Gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. The three phytoalexins showed good antimicrobial activity against Gram positive bacteria while no antimicrobial activity against Gram negative bacteria was exhibited.

Conclusion

 The origin of wyerone biosynthesis in Vicia faba was studied previously (Al-Douri,et al., 1986)  and the conversion of wyerone to wyeron acid has been demonstrated earlier ( Al-Douri, 2014).In the present study the conversion of wyerone into wyerone epoxide using labeled compounds  and the potential rule of these compounds in the biogenetic relationship as well their potential antibacterial activity has  been established.

Biography:

Tesfaye Zerihun is working as a Senior Clinical Pharmacist at Addis Ababa University, college of Health Science, Black lion specialized Teaching Hospital In this teaching Hospital he serving as Drug Supply Management coordinator, The Head of special Pharmacy of the hospital, the secretary of DTC (Drug therapeutic Committee) and other committee works. In addition to these  Mentoring under graduate pharmacy students who are coming to the hospital for clinical attachment both at the ward and dispensary area .He is also participating in some of Clinical research which is under go in the Hospital beside the routine work. 

Abstract:

Background & objectives: Several plant products have been tested and found to possess antileishmanial activity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate antileishmanial activity of methanolic extract of Aloe otallensis on the promastigot stage of Leishmania aethiopica comparing to standard drugs and also tried to screen its phytochemical constitute.

Methods: Phytochemical screening was done using the method mentioned by Evan and Trease on methanolic extract exudates of Aloe otallensis leaf. The extract was also evaluated for in vitro antileishmanial activity against Leishmania Aethiopica  which is found from the black lion hospital parasitology unit. The result was compared to standard drug of Sodium stibogluconate, milfostin and paramomycin.

Result: The extract has a good antileishmaniacidal activity with an IC50 of 0.041 μg/ml on L. aethiopica (LDC/134). The experimental data shows that relatively it has better activity than paramomycin and milfostin but less activity than sodium stibogluconate. The data analyses was done by pad graph prison version 5 software after it was read by ELISA reader at the wave length of 650 nm. The phytochemical screening of the exudates of aloe otallensis showed the presence of phenol, alkaloid and saponin.

Conclusion: The methanol extract of exudate of Aloe otallensis has a good anti leishmanisis activity and this may be attributed to phenol, alkaloid and saponin presnt in the plant. But it needs further analysis for the conformation of which constituent present in much concentration and to know which one have highest role.

Biography:

Prof. Bhanu P. S. Sagar had completed his Ph.D at the age of 29 years from Jamia Hamdard, Postdoc from National Institute of Immunology and D.Sc. in Alternative Medicine. Presently, Director of Pharmacy College at IEC-GI & Former Vice-Chancellor of IEC University. Published 47 papers and presented 30 papers. Presented two papers in “AAPS 2006 National Biotechnology Conference” in Boston, USA. Evaluator for various International Journals and also selected for “Marquis Who’s Who in Asia” and “Marquis Who’s Who in World”. Received many awards and prime areas of research include Plant Tissue Culture, Phytochemical & Pharmacological investigations of natural products. 

Abstract:

Xanthium strumarium L. is poisonous to mammals due its toxic principle which is a diterpenoid glycoside i.e. atractyloside found in the roots and seeds. It was thought worthwhile to carry out the hepatotoxic assessments and safety and toxicity evaluations of oral administration of atractyloside and methanolic extracts of X.strumarium L. in albino wistar rats. So, present investigation was undertaken with following objectives:

• To develop standardized protocols for Extraction, isolation, purification, characterization and quantitative estimation of Atractyloside.
• Hepatotoxic assessments of oral administration of atractyloside in albino wistar rats.
• To study the safety and toxicity evaluation of methanolic extract in albino wistar rats.

Xanthium strumarium Linn. root and seeds were found to contain alkaloids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, atractyloside, phenolics, steroids, terpenoids, and resin etc. In the present investigation attempt was made to separate the atractyloside by using instant preparative thin layer chromatography (IPTLC) technique. Purified atractyloside was chemically characterized by IR, Mass and NMR spectral analysis. Atractyloside concentrations were found to be 2.9 and 4.3 mg/ml in plant root and seeds respectively using HPLC techniques. During hepatotoxic assessment, atractyloside produced severe hepatotoxicity in albino wistar rats. Observations of the sub-acute and acute toxicity studies had indicated that methanolic extract of X. strumarium had shown a narrow safety margin in animals. On the basis of sub-acute and acute toxicity evaluation studies, it was established that both atractyloside and methanolic extract of X. strumarium L. possess a narrow safety margin in rats used in in-vivo experimental and preclinical pharmacological studies. 

Biography:

Dr Shahid-ul-Islam completed his Ph.D. in Chemistry in 2016 from Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) New Delhi, India.  He is currently working as a DST SERB- National Postdoc Fellow at  the Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India. His research is focused on Natural Products, Green chemistry, Polymer nanocomposites and Antimicrobial textiles. He has several academic publications, review articles and book chapters in various journals of international repute to his credit. Currently he is on the editorial board of two international journals and a regular referee of many top ranked journals. 

Abstract:

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of annatto, teak and flame of the forest natural dyes on color, fastness, and antimicrobial property of protein based textile substrate. The color strength (K/S) of wool samples at various concentrations of dyes were analysed using a Reflective Spectrophotometer. The antimicrobial activity of natural dyes before and after application on wool was tested against common human pathogens Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, by using micro-broth dilution method, disc diffusion assay and growth curve studies. The structural morphology of natural protein fibre (wool) was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Annatto and teak natural dyes proved very effective in inhibiting the microbial growth in solution phase and after application on wool and resulted in a broad beautiful spectrum of colors with exceptional fastness properties. The results encourage the search and exploitation of new plant species as source of dyes to replace toxic synthetic antimicrobial agents currently used in textile industry. 

Biography:

Saba Maanvizhi completed  PhD at the age of 40 years from Sri Ramachandra University. She is working presently as Associate Professor in Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University , Chennai, South India. Published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and received Gold  Medal with Merit Certificate for Frist Rank in B.Pharm nd M.Pharm. 

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction and failure of various essential organs. Several essential metals are required for the proper functioning of many enzymes, transcriptional factors and proteins important in various biochemical pathways. Poor glycemic control and diabetes alters the levels of essential trace elements such as Zn, Mg, Mn, Cr, Fe etc. by increasing urinary excretion and their concomitant decrease in the blood. Conventional treatment strategies use of antidiabetic drugs, often fail due to their poor solubility, lower bioavailability and ineffectiveness to elicit therapeutic action. Nanotechnology is one approach to overcome challenges of conventional drug delivery systems based on the development and fabrication of nanoscale drug delivery systems, have been employed to optimize therapeutics.Hence, the main purpose of this study mainly focuses on the preparation and characterization of Embelin-Zinc nanoparticles by emulsification cross linking method using chitosan as a polymer for prolonged release. The objective of the study was to develop a nanoparticle for antidiabetic efficacy and also to maintain constant plasma drug concentrations over a prolonged period for effective control of blood sugar levels. The shape, surface morphology, drug – polymer interaction and thermal stability of embelin-zinc nanoparticles were confirmed by different characterization techniques. The prepared nanospheres exhibited prolonged drug release (more than 8 hrs) and all other data confirmed satisfactory results and the substitution of transition metals influences strongly the nanostructure of the prepared compound and moreover find use in the management and treatment of diabetes and diabetes-associated complications.

Biography:

Dr. Chanchal Garg has completed her Ph.D from Jamia hamdard, New Delhi and is currently pursuing her postdoctoral studies from Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak. She has also worked as woman scientist on a research project titled “Standardization and Evaluation of anti-obesity Herbal Drugs” as principal investigator sanctioned under women scientist scheme (WOS-A) DST, GOI, New Delhi. She has many international and national publications to her credit. Her one of the publication is published in a highly reputed journal having an impact factor of 7.9. She also has a patent and is the author of two books and book chapters. Also she has presented many papers in both national and international conferences.   

Abstract:

            Photoaging is a process which depends especially on the extent of sun exposure and the quantity of melanin in the skin. The basic mechanism involved in skin aging is the oxidative stress and the formation of free radicals known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Skin, being rich in lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, DNA etc is highly prone to the adverse effects of ROS caused by oxidative stress. It is an established fact that the epidermis of the skin possess an extremely efficient natural antioxidant defence mechanisms supported by various types of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidases, catalases and glutathione. But the protective impact exerted by them is limited due to excessive production of reactive oxygen species, leading to skin aging. Antioxidant potential of large number of phytoconstituents obtained from plant extracts reduces the harmful effects of oxidative stress and helps in the prevention of the clinical signs of skin aging. Topical application of antioxidant substances, such as tocopherol, ascorbic acid, coenzyme Q10, plant extracts with phenolics as well as different combinations of these compounds, helps in maintaining the skin antioxidant reservoir, thus increasing the antioxidant skin defence thereby reducing the harmful effects of free radicals and oxidative stress. For example, tetrahydro curcuminoids derived from curcuminoids present in roots of Curcuma longa is capable of preventing free radical formation and also neutralising the existing free radicals, anthocyanins present in Acai palm significantly decreases the UVB induced DNA damage and free radical species in human keratinocytes. Similarly, polyphenols derived from green tea effectively destroy the free radical and reverses the aging process. Thus, antioxidants with free radical scavenging activities possess great significance in the protection and therapeutics of age-related disease involving free radicals. Present work is based on protective role of natural compounds in the oxidative stress induced Photoaging and its future potential.  

Biography:

Saeed Samarghandian got Ph.D (NeuroPhysiology, Japan (Tokyo) 2002), and Post-doc (Molecular Medicine, Japan, Tokyo, 2005). He has his expertise in evaluation of Nutrition and diseases (Neurological diseases). He also focused on the involved mechanisms of diseases.  

Abstract:

Using antioxidant diets may be a good strategy for the inhibition of oxidative stress connected to age-related disease. Saffron is a dried stigmas of with antioxidant properties. This investigation was done to study the effects of saffron administration on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in hippocampus of male aged rats. The rats were treated with the ethanolic extract of saffron for 4 weeks. At the end of our investigation, the hippocampi of rats were removed. The homogenate was used for evaluation of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxides (GPx), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH). There are recent patents also suggesting the use of saffron and its gradients for prevention of oxidative stress in aged tissues.The results showed that the aging was connected with a significant reduction in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and an increase in MDA and nitric oxide levels in the hippocampus of aged rats. In addition, treatment of saffron was effective in reducing hippocampus MDA and NO levels and in increasing the antioxidant status. There is possibility that saffron extract acts as a hormetin by inducing mild oxidative damage which leads to the activation of antioxidative enzymes.

Conclusions:Therefore, saffron exerted considerable neuroprotective effect and proved efficacious in protecting rat hippocampus against age-related oxidative damage.

Biography:

Abstract:

Currently, many peoples are dying because of unsafe drinking water and water related diseases in Ethiopia. Nearly 87% of those who die as a result of acute vomiting and diarrhea are women’s, children under the age of  5 and economically disadvantaged communities. Therefore, the purpose of this laboratory research was to address drinking water quality problems through using seed powder extracts of Moringa oleifera, Aloe debrana, and Carica papaya that are cheap, easy to prepare and use as well as effective for drinking water purification than using the synthetic Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) that have health risks and costly to be afforded at family basis. In the laboratory study, water samples were treated with powder extracts produced from the Moringa oleifera, Aloe debrana, and Carica papaya seeds at concentrations of 25mg/l, 50mg/l, 75mg/l, 100mg/l and 125mg/l for all three plant types. Then highly turbid and untreated pathogenic surface water samples were analyzed for different physiochemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, alkalinity, most probable number (MPN) and SPC. The optimum dosages for Moringa oleifera seed powder extracts were found to be 100mg/l whereas 50 mg/l for Aloe debrana and 125 mg/l for Carica papaya seed powder extracts. Moringa oleifera seed powder extracts had the highest turbidity removal efficiency with a percentage turbidity removal of 91.8% followed by Aloe debrana powder extracts with a percentage turbidity removal of 85.7% and Carica papaya with a percentage turbidity removal of 80.6% at its optimal dosage of each powder extract types. Optimum pH range was found to be between 6.0 and 6.8, with the optimum operating temperature of about 24°C. Efficient reduction (99.5%) of bacterial load was obtained by the application of this low-cost Moringa oleifera seed powder extracts at a dose of 100mg/l followed by Aloe debrana (90.0%) seed powder extracts at a dose of 50mg/l. The results of this study recommended Moringa oleifera seed powder extracts to treat highly turbid and microbiologically contaminated drinking water.

Biography:

Dr. Sumeet Dwivedi, M.Pharm, Ph.D, FLSL currently working as Associate Professor and Head of the Department, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam University, Indore, MP, India. He has more than 8 year of experience, published more than 160 research/review papers and 6 books. His keen interest is in Natural drug standardization, development and biological screening. 

Abstract:

Gastric irritation is very common problem with various stomach related disorders. The present research was undertaken to formulate floating calcium alginate beads of glycyrrhizin for targeting the gastric mucosa and prolonging their gastric residence time. The beads were prepared by suspending glycyrrhizin in calcium alginate solution. The bead was prepared using calcium alginate and glycyrrhizin (1:1) and was evaluated. The mean diameter, drug loading and entrapment efficiency was evaluated. Thus, the present investigation aimed in formulating stomach specific drug delivery useful in the treatment of gastric problems.

Biography:

Dr. Shamim Ahmad is Distinguished Professor of Microbiology & Officer In-Charge at Microbiology Section , Institute of Ophthalmology ,JN Medical College ,Faculty of Medicine , Aligarh Muslim University,India. He has recently been working as Superintendent of Examinations of the Faculty of Medicine, Officer In-Charge(Administration),Manager ,Blind School and many administrative positions at Aligarh beside having served as Faculty on deputation for more than 5 years at Faculties of Medicine abroad. He earned his Ph.D. degree in 1982 and obtained his Post Doc. training in various Departments of Microbiology at the Universities of world repute in six countries, being recipient of at least 6 International Fellowships. Professor Ahmad's research work mainly involved Multi resistant Eye Pathogens including Super Bugs MRSAs and their alternative treatment with newer antibacterial and innovative natural products especially the "Honey". He has published many papers at National and International conferences having being visited about 25 countries for his academic purpose. Currently, Prof. Ahmad is honored to be member in the Editorial team including Chief Editor of at least 64 International Journals of world repute.

Abstract:

Excessive and injudicious use of antibiotics has aggravated the problem of increased alarming antibiotic- resistance all over the world thus , proper selection of antibiotics for the prevention of any possible postoperative infection including Endophthalmitis after intra ocular surgery remains a challenge for clinicians including Ophthalmologists.The present study aims at studying before and after use of topical two new fourth generation floroquinolones viz. (Moxifloxacin 0.5% and Besifloxacin 0.6%) on conjunctival flora among as much as 100 North Indian population undergoing various intraocular surgeries as prophylactic agents. Patients with hypersensitivity to these antibiotics were excluded from this study. Out of all total 100 eyes of 100 patients under study, only 27 conjunctival swabs, showed positive bacterial growth preoperatively (16 in Moxifloxacin group and 11 in Besifloxacin group). After use of topical antibiotics for 10 days, no conjunctival swabs collected postoperatively exhibited positive bacterial growth in both the groups. Both the fluoroquinolones seemed to be highly effective in our in-vitro sensitivity tests conducted against the bacterial isolates obtained from the patients undergoing various intraocular surgeries as they inhibited the growth of all bacterial strains isolated from conjunctiva. Both the antibiotics were found to be 100% effective as prophylactic agents in patients undergoing intraocular surgeries. In spite of medical literature reports of emergence of resistance against widely used Moxifloxacin , no bacterial strain isolated in our study showed resistance to Moxifloxacin. Similarly, it remained effective in the Moxifloxacin receiving group as suggested by negative bacterial cultures taken 20 and 40 days postoperatively revealing the antibacterial efficacy of both topical drugs against conjunctival commensals in the study to be comparable (100%). The long term efficacy of the drugs in preventing early and late postoperative infection was also equal. Further, on comparing the activity against the bacterial isolates no significant difference was observed. Thus, these antibiotics can be safely used in ophthalmology as effective antibacterial prophylactic agents among the eye patients undergoing various intraocular surgeries.

Biography:

Thanh Van Ngo is doing his PhD in Food Science at the University of Newcastle (Australia). He is a lecturer and researcher at College of Forestry Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Forestry. He has published about 10 papers in different journals.

Abstract:

The root and stem of Salacia chinensis L. have been traditionally used as herbal medicine for the treatment of various ailments; the leaf, however has not been investigated, and may contain high levels of phytochemicals. This study aimed to compare phytochemical and antioxidant properties of the root, stem and leaf of Salacia chinensis L. The results showed that the root of S. chinensis had the highest content of phenolics, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and saponins (64.4 mg GAE/g DW, 106 mg CE/g DW, 43.5 mg CE/g DW and 799.9 mg EE/g DW, respectively), followed by the stem and leaf. In addition, results from the ABTS, DPPH, FRAP and CUPRAC antioxidant assays revealed that the root of S. chinensis had the highest antioxidant capacity (632.2, 577.1, 443.3 and 365.0 µM TE/g DW, respectively), again followed by the stem and leaf. HPLC analysis revealed that the root and stem had three major compounds, while the leaf had more major individual compounds in lower quantities in comparison with the root and stem. As the root contained high phytochemical and antioxidant properties, future studies are recommended to isolate and identify the major bioactive compounds from the root for further industrial utilization.

Biography:

Rashida Bashir has recently submitted her Ph.D thesis in the area of natural products and bioanalytical chemistry under the supervision of Dr Peter Mahon and Prof. Enzo Palombo.She has previously completed  Masters of  Biotechnology and  Bachelor of Pharmaceutical sciences.

Abstract:

Conventional online Post Column Derivitisation FRAP assay is laborious and time consuming task. Here, we present a rapid Post Column derivitisation FRAP assay of Quandong (Santalum acuminatum) and  desert lime (Citrus glauca) with reaction flow chromatography that has reduced the analysis time without compromising the separation performance. This rapid post column derivitisation is achieved using Active Flow Technology-Parallel Segmented Flow (AFT-PSF) columns. The direct feed of FRAP reagent into the outlet fitting of the reaction flow chromatography column eliminates the need for mixing T-pieces, and reduces the post-column extra-dead volume to no more than required in chromatography using standard modes of detection. Antioxidant profiling  of Quandong and desert lime samples with an extraction and sonication method has shown an interesting analysis.  Extracts  were analysed via multiplexed detection using an AFT-PSF column with underivatised UV-VIS, and the Ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP‚) derivatisation for antioxidants as detection methods. Multiplex detection has allowed obtaining substantial data within single analysis. Non-targeted metabolomics with RF-PCD-FRAP and LC-ESI-MS analysis implies that Australian native Quandong and Desert lime are a rich source of antioxidants. Analytes were identified by MS and MS² with the ESI mass spectra under the same conditions in both positive and negative ionization modes. Samples have exhibited superior antioxidant capacity and comprise predominantly of flavonols, anthocyanin, phenolic acids and their hydrolysable tannins and contains antioxidants with known therapeutical potential in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and other chronic diseases that play a major role in the prevention/delay of oxidative stress mediated diseases.

Biography:

Kavitha Sreehari is finalizing her Ph.D. thesis under the guidance of Dr. John D Orbell and Dr. Andrew Smallridge, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne. Her research includes the search for anti-neurodegenerative drug leads that could pass through the blood brain barrier effectively and thus results therapeutic benefits to the patients. She has published two papers in peer reviewed Journals and this paper is her third article.

Abstract:

Most drugs for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are symptomatic and have little or no effect on disease progression. One area of research into such diseases suggests that certain metal ions such as Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Fe²⁺ are enriched in Aβ deposits and such aggregates play a vital role in neuronal damage.  It has been surmised that certain chelators that pass the blood brain barrier (BBB) may sequester such metals from Aβ accumulation and arrest neuronal damage. Thus traditional medicines that have been employed as “brain tonic” contain chelators which could pass through (BBB) and exert beneficial effects. One such traditional medicine that has been regarded and utilized as a “brain tonic” for centuries is the Indian traditional herbal medicine bacopa monnineri (BM). Some of the molecular components of this plant material (Ramasamy et al., 2015)were identified as being capable of passing through (BBB). These were assessed for their ability to complex copper, zinc or iron using modelling. One de-glycosylated moiety in particular was found to be a potential candidate that was able to pass through (BBB) and complex Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺/Fe²⁺. This molecule is a steroid that also resembles a molecule that has recently been found to dissolve protein aggregates that are associated with cataracts (Zhao et al., 2015)and this could represent an alternative mechanism for anti-plaque activity. This idea is being pursued via similarity studies. These computational studies have been complemented by experimental studies whereby evidence of Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺/Fe²+ chelation has been sought from chemical analyses of (BM) extracts. 

Biography:

Dr Kopila Adhikari had completed her Bachelors in Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery in 2006. Previously she had worked as Medical Officer in a Nepal-German Joint Venture private hospital in Nepal. She is medical officer under Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal. At present she is doing her post graduate study in Dravyaguna (MD - Ayurveda pharmacology and medicinal plant) under full scholarship. She had participated and presented her paper in 4 international and 3 national seminars. She had published one article in an International Journal.

Abstract:

Musali is one of the commonly used herbs to enhance sexual health in male. It is considered to have rasayana, aphrodisiac, immune-stimulant, hepato-protective, anti-oxidant, anticancer and anti-diabetic activities. It is distributed from tropical to sub-tropical regions in India, Nepal, China, Malaysia, and Japan. It is a perennial herb with tuberous root system stock up to 15cm long; tubers are stout, short or elongate with copious fleshy root, leaves sessile or petiolate, flowers are bright yellow or white in color.

Musali contents saponins, glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, esters, mucilage and other chemical compounds. Among them different types of saponins like Curculigoside A & D, is considered to be responsible for aphrodisiac activity.

Changing life style is taking a toll on the status of male sexual health in the global population. Stress, obesity, unhealthy food habit, night stay are leading causes for the increasing rate of infertility, erectile dysfunction, subnormal desire and performance in sexual intercourse. Previous experimental and clinical studies on Musali have shown significant improvement in male sexual health including erectile dysfunction and loss of libido.

Conventional medicine has discovered few chemicals as aphrodisiac. But these agents are associated with many unwanted and serious adverse effects. Therefore, traditional medicines like Ayurveda and Chinese medicines can play a vital role in this with the development of nutraceutical product using the potent aphrodisiac herb like Musali. 

Biography:

Delhousie is currently undergoing his PhD studies at the Monash University Malaysia School of Science. His research interest is mainly on the bioactivities of Etlingera gingers which include antimicrobial and antioxidant properties

Abstract:

Etlingera gingers are known to have beneficial properties to human health. The main focus of this study was Etlingera velutina, a near-threatened ginger endemic to Borneo. Our aim was to determine its antioxidant activity and to isolate and characterize the antioxidant compounds. Crude extracts of E. velutina leaves, stems and rhizomes were obtained via methanol extraction. The extracts were then tested for antioxidant activity using Folin-Ciocalteu, DPPH radical scavenging and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity assays. Our results showed that the leaves of E. velutina possessed significantly better antioxidant activity as compared to the stems and rhizomes. Through bioassay-guided purification work, one compound was successfully isolated and identified as 1,7-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-heptanyl acetate (velutinin). This compound exhibited exceptional antioxidant activity (ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity and cellular antioxidant activity values of 2.18 ± 0.01 µmol AA/ µmol compound, 7.33 ± 0.15 µmol Trolox/ µmol compound and 1.43 ± 0.05 µmol Quercetin/ µmol compound, respectively). In addition, cytotoxicity study against FL83B, HEK-293T and HaCaT cell lines revealed 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of >100, >100 and 48.34 ± 3.72 µg/mL, respectively. As the cytotoxicity IC₅₀ values were well above the effective concentrations used in the cellular antioxidant assay, this suggest that velutinin possess an exciting potential to be developed as drug to combat oxidative stress in cells.